At the finish line: preparing for childbirth. Standard procedures during childbirth Shaving before childbirth

An exciting moment lies ahead. The family will become larger by one more person. Parents, thinking about what needs to be done before giving birth, make a list of important things. The main thing is not to miss anything. Troubles are classified as pleasant. They will be remembered for a long time.

Organizational aspects

Certificates and papers for the maternity hospital are prepared in advance. Starting from the second half of the term, they are constantly carried with them. Even if a gynecologist diagnoses contractions at 38 weeks, labor can begin early for many reasons. She shouldn't take Mom by surprise.

What you need to do before giving birth:

• prepare documents;
• to pack.

A passport and insurance policy are required. Don't forget the exchange card with the ultrasound results. If possible, make a copy. If the original is lost, obstetricians will not know how the pregnancy proceeded. The list of required papers varies depending on the chosen maternity hospital and the presence of a partner.

So, what documents to take with you:

1. passport;
2. compulsory medical insurance policy;
3. exchange card;
4. birth certificate;
5. power of attorney to represent the interests of the mother during labor;
6. direction, if the establishment has been chosen in advance;
7. contract, when the procedure takes place under a contract;
8. during partner childbirth, tests of the husband, fluorography.

Store all documents in a separate folder. Conduct a check so that at the last moment it doesn’t turn out that something is missing. Pack bags with things for your child and yourself.

The package should contain:

• washable slippers;
• phone plus charger;
• a bottle of still water;
• hygienic lipstick;
• fitball when he is not in the maternity hospital;
• baby diapers;
• baby clothes.

If the husband is present during the birth process, additionally take:

1. shoes;
2. disposable suit;
3. mask;
4. thermos with drink;
5. sandwiches.

When the time of childbirth approaches, mothers think about where to go through the process. The choice is often based on the opinions of friends and relatives. Reviews do not always reflect the real situation; they rely on a subjective vision of the situation plus emotional overtones. Therefore, the gynecologist invites the mother to visit the establishments herself, meet the medical staff, and evaluate the conditions.

Don't forget about preparatory courses. You are allowed to visit them together with your husband. During classes, experienced obstetricians teach mothers how to breathe properly and talk about various positions that make contractions easier. They also introduce mothers to the basics of motherhood.

Mother's preparation

Women experience a whole range of indescribable feelings before the start of labor. They don’t sleep at night, they worry, they are afraid of the upcoming event. Physiological changes in the body begin. The stomach drops. Weight is lost. Water breaks prematurely.

At such moments, you should not panic. Call a doctor and get ready. Some people manage to get their nails done while waiting.

What is done before childbirth in the maternity hospital:

• give an enema;
• shave;
• if necessary, massage the perineum.

An enema is an unpleasant procedure, although it is painless. It is carried out so that the contents of the intestines do not come out when pushing begins. The child moves through the channels, applying pressure, clearing his way.

It is possible to do an enema before childbirth at home or entrust the manipulation to a nurse. Experienced mothers advise beginners to use products containing glycerin instead of the “classic” option. Microlax microenemas and suppositories are considered the most popular.

The second procedure necessary before labor is getting rid of pubic hair. If it doesn't bother you big belly, do it yourself. Otherwise, the nurse will perform the manipulation immediately after the woman in labor is admitted to the hospital.

Some people wax their hair. Go to the salon. They will do it inexpensively and quickly. The main thing that should be observed is sterility. If you have not resorted to such depilation before, do not start before giving birth. Painful manifestations of the first time are pronounced.

The perineal massage procedure is performed in the “lying” position. The day before, take a warm shower to relax your muscles. Process skin covering oil, pour it over your fingers. Gently insert the large and medium ones inwards, moving them 3 cm. The movements should be pressing, but soft downwards, from the sides. Do stretches for 2 minutes. If pain occurs, stop the massage manipulation. Acupuncture before childbirth helps relieve unpleasant spasms. The acupuncture method affects active points without damaging the skin.

Certain preparation is required for a caesarean section. It takes place in the maternity hospital 3–10 days before the planned intervention. An obligatory item is an ultrasound, laboratory tests of blood and urine. Eating is prohibited 12 hours before surgery. A cleansing enema is given twice; the night before and in the morning 3 hours before cesarean. To prepare the surgical site, hair is removed from the groin area. The method of pain relief is selected.

Waiting for a baby

If the pregnancy proceeds normally, the woman in labor goes to maternity leave. There is a lot of free time. Some don't know what to do with themselves. Others are in exciting troubles.

What to do before giving birth at home:

1. prepare a dowry for the baby;
2. clean the apartment;
3. arrange a children's room;
4. apply for benefits.

One of the important and pleasant things for an expectant mother is preparing for the birth of her baby. Before the maternity hospital, you need to purchase everything you need. By the time you are discharged there will be nothing to worry about.

Dowry means:

• cloth;
• diapers;
• bed dress;
• care and hygiene products;
• stroller;
• Car seat;
• bath;
• scales;
• furniture.

If the mother suffers from superstition, leave the purchased items in storage with a friend, or the husband will take care of the preparations after the wife is sent to the maternity hospital. Everything will have to be done in a short time. Purchasing, delivery, and arrangement take time.

It is necessary to arrange the nursery before the birth. Cleaning the apartment is also included in the list of necessary activities. If there is a separate room, it is prepared in advance. At first it will be a project on paper. Then comes the stage of joint thinking and ideas are put into practice.

Before the arrival of the newborn, general cleaning is done. Dust is wiped off. The floors are being washed. Plumbing fixtures are disinfected. It is not necessary for mom to do household chores. All household members are able to get involved in the work.

Registration of benefits and other papers related to the birth of a baby cannot be done in advance. Therefore, write down the reception hours of organizations and addresses where you will have to contact later. Make a list of required information. This will save time. Having arrived at the hospital, a woman thinks only about a favorable delivery. It is important to listen to the advice of your obstetrician and follow them. Then the process will go without complications.

What to do in the maternity hospital before giving birth:

1. soothing massage;
2. counting contractions, intervals between them;
3. selection of a comfortable position;
4. breathing adjustments.

It’s good when a loved one is nearby during uterine contractions. The presence itself has a calming effect on the woman in labor. He will also be able to convey to the mother the words of the medical staff, which are not clearly perceived by the woman’s consciousness.

As you can see, there is a lot to do before giving birth. So those women in labor who claim that on recent months There will be nothing to do while carrying a child. Don't worry if labor starts prematurely. Feel free to shift all the worries about preparing to welcome your baby onto the shoulders of your husband and other household members.

Day "X"

As a rule, in maternity hospitals, the medical staff themselves offer women in labor equipment that helps them endure contractions more easily - a fitball, a small mat that can be laid on the floor, a low chair for a duck. If you haven't been offered one, ask the nurse. Walk more, this will make it easier for the baby to go down the birth canal. In advance at your mobile phone download the special program “Contraction Calculator” and note the frequency of contractions in it. Using such a program is much easier than writing down the time in a notepad. This will help the obstetrician monitor the intensity of labor.

Be prepared for the fact that the medical staff will not be constantly with you, especially at the first stage, when the dilatation of the cervix is ​​small. The obstetrician will periodically visit you to check on you, and nurses and aides will occasionally check in to make sure that the birth process is going as expected. And most of the time before pushing you will be with your contractions. If you are afraid to be alone in the room, take your partner to the birth - your husband, mother or girlfriend.

During contractions, a woman experiences terrible pain, many panic, expectant mothers scream at the top of their lungs, call for help, demand. There is no need to panic and rush around the room. Save your strength, you will need it later.

It is also very important to establish contact with the obstetrician delivering your baby. There is no need to be afraid to tell him about your feelings and experiences. An experienced doctor will always reassure and dispel all your doubts, and tell you how to facilitate and speed up the birth process. Don't hesitate to tell your obstetrician if you have a really bad urge to go to the toilet. If the dilation is already large or full, this is a sure sign that the baby is about to come out.

In some maternity hospitals, expectant mothers are offered a choice of positions for childbirth - sitting in a special chair, lying on their back or side, sitting on a special chair, standing. If you feel that in a certain position you feel the pushing more strongly, consult your doctor about whether you can take this position. But don't insist if the doctor doesn't allow it. Listen to what health professionals tell you and follow their recommendations without question.

The task of the expectant mother is to give birth healthy baby. And this largely depends on the woman’s mood for childbirth and her behavior in the maternity hospital. Don’t think about the pain, think about meeting your baby soon. And then you will not be afraid of any difficulties.

When going to the maternity hospital, an expectant mother expecting her first baby usually experiences anxiety. The many incomprehensible procedures that await a woman in the maternity hospital, like everything unknown, cause some anxiety. To dispel it, let’s try to figure out what medical personnel will do and why at each stage of childbirth.

Childbirth in a maternity hospital. Where will you be sent?

So, you started having regular contractions or your amniotic fluid began to break, in other words, labor began. What to do? If at this time you are in a hospital in the pregnancy pathology department, then you need to immediately inform the nurse on duty, and she, in turn, will call a doctor. The obstetrician-gynecologist on duty will examine and decide whether labor has really begun, and if so, he will transfer you to the maternity ward, but before that they will do a cleansing enema (an enema is not given in the case of bleeding from the genital tract, with, full or close to it opening of the cervix, etc.).

In the case when labor begins outside the hospital, you need to seek help at the maternity hospital.

When hospitalized in a maternity hospital, a woman passes through a reception block, which includes: a reception area (lobby), a filter, examination rooms (separately for healthy and sick patients) and rooms for sanitary treatment.

A pregnant woman or a woman in labor, entering the waiting room, removes outerwear and goes into the filter, where the doctor on duty decides which department she should be sent to. To do this, he collects a detailed history (asks about health, about the course of this pregnancy) in order to clarify the diagnosis, trying to find out the presence of infectious and other diseases, gets acquainted with the data, conducts an external examination (detects the presence of pustules on the skin and various kinds of rashes, examines the pharynx) , midwife measures temperature.

Patients who have an exchange card and no signs of infection are hospitalized in the physiological department. Pregnant women and women in labor who pose a threat of infection to healthy women (without an exchange card, who have certain infectious diseases - acute respiratory infections, pustular skin diseases, etc.) are sent to an observational department specially designed for these purposes. Thanks to this, the possibility of infection of healthy women is excluded.

A woman may be admitted to the pathology department when the onset of labor is not confirmed using objective research methods. In doubtful cases, the woman is hospitalized in the maternity ward. If labor does not develop during observation, then a few hours later the pregnant woman may also be transferred to the pathology department.

In the examination room

Once it has been established which department the pregnant woman or woman in labor is being sent to, she is transferred to the appropriate examination room. Here the doctor, together with the midwife, conducts a general and special examination: weighs the patient, measures the size of the pelvis, abdominal circumference, the height of the uterine fundus above the womb, the position and presentation of the fetus (cephalic or pelvic), listens to its heartbeat, examines the woman for the presence of edema, and measures arterial blood pressure. pressure. In addition, the doctor on duty performs a vaginal examination to clarify the obstetric situation, after which he determines whether labor is occurring, and if so, what its nature is. All examination data is entered into the birth history, which is created here. As a result of the examination, the doctor makes a diagnosis, prescribes the necessary tests and prescriptions.

After the examination, sanitary treatment is carried out: shaving of the external genitalia, enema, shower. The scope of examinations and sanitization in the examination room depends on the general condition of the woman, the presence of labor and the period of labor. Upon completion of sanitary treatment, the woman is given a sterile shirt and gown. If labor has already begun (in this case, the woman is called a woman in labor), the patient is transferred to the prenatal ward of the birth block, where she spends the entire first stage of labor until pushing, or to a separate birth box (if the maternity hospital is equipped with such). A pregnant woman still awaiting childbirth is sent to the pregnancy pathology department.

Why do you need CTG during childbirth?
Cardiotocography provides considerable assistance in assessing the condition of the fetus and the nature of labor. A cardiac monitor is a device that records the fetal heartbeat and also makes it possible to monitor the frequency and strength of contractions. A sensor is attached to a woman’s stomach, which allows the fetal heartbeat to be recorded. paper tape. During the study, the woman is usually asked to lie on her side, because when standing or walking, the sensor constantly moves away from the place where it is possible to record the fetal heartbeat. The use of cardiac monitoring allows for timely detection of fetal hypoxia (oxygen deficiency) and labor anomalies, assessment of the effectiveness of their treatment, predicting the outcome of childbirth and selecting the optimal method of delivery.

In the birth block

The birth block consists of prenatal wards (one or more), delivery wards (delivery rooms), an intensive observation ward (for observation and treatment of pregnant women and women in labor with the most severe forms of pregnancy complications), a manipulation room for newborns, an operating unit and a number of ancillary rooms.

In the prenatal ward (or maternity ward), details of the course of pregnancy, past pregnancies, childbirth are clarified, an additional examination of the woman in labor is carried out (physique, constitution, abdominal shape, etc. are assessed) and a detailed obstetric examination. Be sure to take a test for blood type, Rh factor, AIDS, syphilis, hepatitis, and conduct a urine and blood test. The condition of the woman in labor is carefully monitored by the doctor and midwife: they inquire about her well-being (degree pain, fatigue, dizziness, headache, visual disturbances, etc.), regularly listen to the fetal heartbeat, monitor labor activity (duration of contractions, interval between them, strength and pain), periodically (every 4 hours, and more often if necessary) measure blood pressure and pulse of the mother in labor. Body temperature is measured 2-3 times a day.

In the process of monitoring the birth process, the need for vaginal examination arises. During this study, the doctor uses his fingers to determine the degree of opening of the cervix and the dynamics of the fetus’s movement along the birth canal. Sometimes in the maternity ward, during a vaginal examination, a woman is asked to lie down on a gynecological chair, but more often the examination is carried out while the woman in labor is lying on the bed.

A vaginal examination during childbirth is mandatory: upon admission to the maternity hospital, immediately after effusion amniotic fluid, and also every 4 hours during labor. In addition, there may be a need for additional vaginal examinations, for example, in case of pain relief, deviation from the normal course of labor or the appearance of bloody discharge from the birth canal (one should not be afraid of frequent vaginal examinations - it is much more important to ensure complete orientation in assessing the correct course of labor). In each of these cases, the indications for the procedure and the manipulation itself are recorded in the birth history. In the same way, the birth history records all studies and actions carried out with the woman in labor during childbirth (injections, measurement blood pressure, pulse, fetal heartbeat, etc.).

During childbirth, it is important to monitor the functioning of the bladder and intestines. Overfilling of the bladder and rectum prevents the normal course of labor. To prevent bladder overflow, the woman in labor is asked to urinate every 2-3 hours. In the absence of independent urination, they resort to catheterization - the insertion of a thin plastic tube into the urethra through which urine flows.

In the prenatal ward (or individual maternity ward), the woman in labor spends the entire first stage of labor under the constant supervision of medical personnel. Many maternity hospitals allow the presence of the husband at the birth. With the beginning of the pushing period, or the period of expulsion, the woman in labor is transferred to the delivery room. Here they change her shirt, scarf (or disposable cap), shoe covers and place her on Rakhmanov’s bed - a special obstetric chair. This bed is equipped with footrests, special handles that need to be pulled towards you during pushing, adjustment of the position of the head end of the bed and some other devices. If childbirth takes place in an individual box, then the woman is transferred from a regular bed to Rakhmanov’s bed, or if the bed on which the woman was lying during labor is functional, it is transformed into Rakhmanov’s bed.

During an uncomplicated pregnancy, normal births are performed by a midwife (under the supervision of a doctor), and all pathological births, including fetal births, are performed by a doctor. Operations such as C-section, application of obstetric forceps, vacuum extraction of the fetus, examination of the uterine cavity, suturing of soft tissue ruptures of the birth canal, etc., is carried out only by a doctor.

For medical questions, be sure to consult your doctor first

Comment on the article "Standard procedures during childbirth"

It’s stupid to blame the Lord God. but you can do it yourself if there are reasons for it. For the second birth, I especially blame myself - I should have not let out snot in response to loud growls and threats, but showed firmness - sent all these would-be paramedics to the garden at once, so that their brains wouldn’t float, and if they didn’t listen, then they would threaten with a gun . because these bastards only thought about their own skin, and not about our birth. They didn’t care that I was already 8 cm dilated, and the road was long and full of potholes, that I would suffer there and that the child could get hurt. but simply for them, transfer to the maternity hospital is the same “standard procedure” that everyone in this system is accustomed to and has forgotten how to act outside of them. and it would be better for us, in those conditions, to stay with our husband and give birth ourselves. I can’t say that this is also the limit of my dreams, but this is precisely the situation that is non-standard. and these idiots from the system did not know how and did not want to act in a non-standard situation and give birth themselves. They would rather put us at even greater risk - they put us in a car to the maternity hospital, just to wash their hands. what about us? Is it your own fault for getting so far? Well, not everyone can live by the Kremlin wall! Well, we HAD to live like this and spend our pregnancy there in the wilderness. Well, it wasn’t possible to settle near a maternity hospital or even near a normal home midwife. and that we now do not have the right to live and give birth? That’s what they told us in the maternity hospital - you don’t have it, they say. and in this situation, when the human factor is resting, only the Lord God can save the situation.

I really hope you have luck with the doctors this time too! you see: it turns out that any birth, be it at home or in a maternity hospital, is largely a matter of luck, because everything cannot be foreseen. but some things are, of course, possible. Anyway. try to find a normal midwife, for example. but I repeat once again, looking at the title of the original topic: the hospital system itself, the approach to childbirth in the maternity hospital as a whole, does not suit me in many ways! This whole conveyor belt, which pulls someone out of the other world, but doesn’t have time for someone and doesn’t want to show a little more attention in order to pull them out, help them, work for a healthy 5 points - no, it’s enough to just save life. everyone chooses for themselves, there is risk everywhere. Some people are ready to increase the risk to health for the sake of less risk to life, while others need everything or nothing. In addition, for me personally it would be simply painful and humiliating to undergo all these described preparatory and postpartum standard procedures. and some people are not very affected by this, or some people resign themselves due to character or simply because they do not know how to avoid all this.

The described technology of obstetrics, although it is standard and generally accepted, causes me a feeling of deep disgust - I don’t want to give birth like that!!! Why an enema, why cut off the umbilical cord right away, why does a child need a warm table if he has a mother? Why stick your hands into the vagina every 3 hours, ask how many times I urinated, measure my temperature every 5 hours, especially when you want to sleep after giving birth? It so happened that one of my friends gave birth to a child at home purely by chance (she didn’t wait for an ambulance), it was her second birth and she had something to compare with - at home everything turned out much easier and the child was born healthy and she herself felt better. I was very worried that I gave birth to a child while squatting on a not-so-clean floor - and then I realized it was easier and more physiological to give birth while squatting...

Of course, I'm afraid to give birth like this without outside help, at home, but I’m no less afraid of the maternity hospital. Now I’m looking for a modern, trustworthy clinic, where I could calmly give birth without unnecessary intervention, in a normal room, and not in a tiled birth block.