Nadezhda Kozyreva
Essay “My profession is a teacher-defectologist”
ESSAY
“I am a teacher – defectologist”
"To be a good teacher,
you have to love what you teach,
and love those you teach.”
V. O. Klyuchevsky
Why did I choose profession of a teacher-defectologist?
Profession mine is extraordinary, like endless childhood, and sometimes like magic. After all, a defectologist is able to provide assistance "special" kids. He knows how to present program material based on the child’s characteristics, on how developed certain cognitive processes are in him.
Due to poor ecology, unfavorable hereditary factors, various severe infectious and chronic diseases, bad habits and other factors, more and more often children are born with certain developmental problems. The number of such children, unfortunately, is constantly growing, so profession defectologist in the modern world is very relevant and in demand.
The greatest advantage of my work is its special significance for children with disabilities. disabilities health.
Help for families with a child with special educational needs is simply invaluable. And the main reward for me, as a teacher, is moral satisfaction from the work done and positive result in the development of children.
Yes, in ours the profession has many difficulties, but despite this, in it I can realize my creative potential and receive a charge of energy to move forward.
I enjoy my work, because I realize that my efforts are not wasted in vain; my specialty is extremely in demand.
Teacher-defectologist is my calling, this is constant teaching, my way of life and good goal!
I teacher-speech pathologist!
What's special about that!
Everyone will know about me
when trouble comes to the house...
Taking it from the hands of parents
"Flower", wounded and fragile,
I will quickly remember all the sciences
And about universal love!
I'm not alone, my colleagues
They will lend a shoulder and encourage
AND kind words, and advice,
They will do a good deed!
What are my teaching principles?
My first principle is very simple:
Give warmth, energy and knowledge!
The second one is like this: always learn!
And don’t leave anything without your attention!
And the third principle is like an oath Hippocrates:
Do no harm! There is no need to explain it to me.
You have to treat your work with soul,
To enjoy the result afterwards!
Comfort in education and training -
The basis of motivation in learning!
Possessing great power of knowledge,
I never forget:
It's not just me who's the teacher.,
Pets teach me too.
They always help me stay in good shape,
Keep my hand on the pulse of pedagogical science
And never lose heart!
I don’t know the difference between personal life and work.
Everything goes in order
Always in care.
So day after day passes.
I love my job
I'll tell you honestly!
I'm ready to endure a lot.
And there is a lot to do!
A modern educational institution needs modern teacher– this is the requirement of the time.
The Russian education system is undergoing a number of changes, expressed in the use of new programs and benefits, changes in the content of education and in the ways students acquire knowledge. Modern equipment and innovative technologies- this is part of the new educational institution.
The processes of modernization of Russian education taking place in last years, significantly change ideology and priorities not only in general education, but also in the education of children with developmental problems.
However, the leading role still belongs to the teacher. Accordingly, continuous self-education and self-improvement is part of the activity of a teacher-defectologist.
"The lower the level mental development child, the higher the level of education should be teachers"- wrote at the beginning of the twentieth century. famous German teacher-defectologist
By teaching children, I learn myself! Only love for your professions helps you overcome difficult steps in the world teaching. My profession– this is constant learning new things and daily creativity.
I'm in constant search movement: how to show your child the world around him in an accessible way, how teach his rational thinking and to experience the warmth from our hands; how not to fade, but move forward.
In its correctional pedagogical activity I use health-saving technologies. I work in three directions: technologies for preserving and promoting health, technologies for teaching a healthy lifestyle, correctional technologies; since in the concept of modern preschool education preservation and active formation are provided healthy image life and health of pupils. Health-saving technologies have the most significant impact on the health of children, especially children with disabilities.
I use ICT in my work (information and communication technologies). I develop electronic educational resources in programs such as Word, Power Point, Publisher, Activ Inspire. I conduct classes in the form of games, experiments, creating problem situations, using search tasks (for example, finding something new in a group, winter garden, exhibitions, presentations that enrich lessons with visuals, provide an opportunity to hear the sounds of the surrounding world, the voices of birds and animals.
I constantly get acquainted with new discoveries in correctional pedagogy. I read modern publications and articles in pedagogical magazines. I attend and participate in methodological associations speech pathologists, seminars, conferences. I study the experience of colleagues through the global Internet, which makes it possible to expand and modernize facilities correctional work. Also, in order to improve the level professional knowledge and improvement of personal business qualities.
In recent years, the goals and objectives of education have changed greatly. Implementation of a new national project "Education" once again emphasized the importance, first of all, of the socialization of the individual. What comes to the fore is not memorized facts and theoretical knowledge, but the formation of vital practical skills. Therefore, I believe that the main thing is to help the child become a successful person. Not to form a personality, but to create conditions for the realization of his abilities; not to dictate the beaten path of knowledge, but to help learn independently solve practical problems; not to punish in case of failure, but to help overcome it by extending your hand in time.
"The only possibility teach for a child to live in existing conditions is to create conditions for him to fully master his own abilities.” Confucius.
My understanding of the mission of a teacher in modern times world:
My students are small, but they require a lot of attention. What is imparted and learned in childhood affects the entire life of a person.
Children notice everything: my mood, appearance, so you always need to be collected, well-groomed, and modern. Before teach and educate, you need to win over the child, become his friend.
The personality of the teacher is the main condition and means of success in the pedagogical process.
We, educators, create the future. The success of our country and the world depends on how we work. Prestige teachers consists of its general culture and professional competence, which constantly need to be fed. First of all, the teacher himself must improve. An increase in information flow, the use of new technologies - all these are the realities of today. My educational philosophy is teach children to believe in themselves, understand and respect others, and this can only be achieved through the co-creation of the teacher and the child.
Like ordinary children, a child with special educational needs has the right to receive qualified pedagogical assistance, which can only be provided by a specially trained speech pathologist. For successful teaching activities in the structure of special education, conventional pedagogical training is absolutely insufficient.
Professional The activities of a teacher-defectologist go beyond the traditional teaching activities, closely interacting and intertwining with various types socio-pedagogical, rehabilitation, consultative and diagnostic, psychotherapeutic, correctional and other types "Not teacher's room» activities, being aimed at one goal - assisting a person with disabilities in his social adaptation and integration through special education.
A teacher-defectologist is a person with a special mindset, active, proactive, energetic, confident in the successful outcome of his professional activity, friendly and tactful. It is characterized by a humane assessment of the role of man in the modern world, including people with disabilities.
IN modern education children with developmental problems teacher- a defectologist performs a special mission, in which two interconnected ones can be distinguished component: humanistic and social.
The humanistic component involves providing qualified assistance to children with developmental problems, revealing and realizing their potential.
The social component is associated with ensuring the preparation of a child with disabilities for life in society, which is associated with influencing the public consciousness of people, in order to foster a tolerant attitude towards people with special abilities. This, in turn, develops the moral consciousness of modern society and makes it possible for the successful socialization of children and adults with developmental problems.
On me, like on speech pathologist teacher, is entrusted with a special mission and enormous responsibility for providing each child with high quality correctional and educational services, taking into account his individual needs.
defectologist- a specialist who helps children suffering from mental and physical disabilities adapt to society. Defectologists can be classified as special teachers; their professional activities are closely related to medicine, sociology, and psychology. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in biology and psychology (see choosing a profession based on interest in school subjects).
Who is a defectologist?
Defectologists are often confused with speech therapists, but the former work with children who suffer from delayed speech development or central nervous system diseases, and the latter correct the speech of absolutely healthy children. Conventionally, defectologists can be divided into those who are engaged in scientific activities and those who are practicing correctional teachers. There are several areas of defectology, which determine the field of activity of the teacher:
- speech therapist who studies problems with speech development correcting them;
- teacher of the deaf and teacher of the deaf, working with people who have hearing or vision problems, respectively;
- an amblyologist who works with patients suffering from visual impairments and blind children;
- oligophrenopedagogue and orthopedagogist working with children suffering from delay mental development and musculoskeletal system, respectively.
Defectologists working in any of the above areas are engaged not only in behavior correction, but also in the social adaptation of patients, their education, and rehabilitation.
Features of the profession of defectologist
In-demand defectologists are in daily contact with children and their parents, attend conferences, engage in scientific work, and consult with their colleagues working in the field of medicine, pedagogy, and sociology. They guide their young and adult pupils, helping them find their place in the world.
Main responsibilities:
- examination of patients, assessment of their condition and level of development;
- working with patient medical records;
- choice teaching materials, drawing up individual programs taking into account the characteristics of patients;
- carrying out work aimed at correcting deficiencies in the development and behavior of pupils;
- Conducting regular examinations, adjusting the individual program based on the examination results;
- work with teachers, parents of children;
- studying the hobbies, characteristics and inclinations of pupils;
- assistance in choosing a profession, social adaptation;
- scientific work, documentation.
Experienced defectologists constantly use modern techniques in their work, being very active and enthusiastic people. The work of a defectologist is very important, because he helps children adapt, choose a profession, communicate with people, and gain all the necessary knowledge.
Pros and cons of the profession of defectologist
pros
- Providing assistance to children and adolescents.
- The profession is important and necessary.
- Career prospects.
- Opportunity to combine practice with scientific activities.
- The versatility of defectology.
- Defectologists are specialists in demand in the labor market.
- Social package, working with nice colleagues.
Minuses
- The need to communicate daily different people who are not always satisfied with the methods of the defectologist.
- Difficulties that arise when communicating with children.
- Psycho-emotional stress.
- The success of the work depends not only on the defectologist, but also on the parents, teachers, and doctors who are treating the child.
- Small salary.
- A huge number of job responsibilities.
Important personal qualities of a defectologist
Defectologists work with children suffering from acquired and congenital diseases, so they must be patient, love children, and responsible. Every day, correctional teachers face joy and sadness, there are also conflict situations, so inner peace, harmony and endurance are important.
A defectologist must be a friendly, peace-loving and very enthusiastic person who is ready to devote himself entirely to his favorite work. A correctional teacher may not like children, but he is obliged to treat his little pupils with respect and understanding.
- Responsibility.
- Patience.
- Caring.
- Equilibrium.
- Strictness.
- Objectivity.
- Makings of a leader.
- Communication skills.
- Creativity.
- Attentiveness.
Training to become a defectologist
It is impossible to work as a defectologist without higher education, so an applicant who decides to connect his life with this field must apply to a university that has a defectology department (specialty code 44.03.03). When entering a university at the Faculty of Defectology, a student takes exams in mathematics, biology and the Russian language.
People who have specialized education in the field of pedagogy or psychology can retrain as a defectologist. In this case, the training will take not 5-6 years, but several months; retraining can be done remotely, after which the graduate will receive a state-issued certificate.
The Higher School of Technology and Management (HSTU) provides training in the field of “Defectology” and other pedagogical specialties. Training takes place in full-time and part-time form using distance learning educational technologies, which will allow you to combine study with work. Educational activities VSTU is licensed and meets professional standards. Now you have the opportunity to get a 50% discount using the promo code uchitel50. The cost, taking into account the discount, will be 4,975 rubles, and only 1,000 rubles. Get professional training at the lowest price!
Center "Russian Education", distance learning
Applicants can take retraining courses for 6, 8 or 10 months. During this time, the student will have access to training materials, he must study them, otherwise he will not be able to write a good certification paper. Training is paid, but the center also has preferential programs.
Capital Training Center, distance learning
Paid courses for people who want to undergo retraining with the necessary set of professional knowledge. The duration of the course is 500-1000 hours, an internship is provided, students are required to take not only the final certification, but also scheduled tests.
Universities
- Moscow Institute of Psychoanalysis.
- Moscow State Regional University.
- Moscow Pedagogical State University.
- Russian State Social University.
- Moscow State Humanitarian University named after M. A. Sholokhov.
- State Social and Humanitarian University.
- Leningrad State University named after. A.S. Pushkin.
- Institute of Special Pedagogy and Psychology.
- St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University.
- Far Eastern Federal University
Defectologist's place of work
Defectologists are in-demand specialists who can find employment in the following public and private educational institutions:
- boarding schools;
- children's centers;
- kindergartens;
- sanatoriums;
- specialized school institutions;
- medical centers.
Very often, experienced speech pathologists engage in private practice, working with one or more students. Correctional teachers are in demand in institutions specializing in the education, treatment, and socialization of children and adolescents.
Career
A talented and enthusiastic defectologist who finds time for self-development and scientific work will quickly achieve success. Career growth for correctional teachers consists of obtaining an academic degree and the position of director of an institution.
Defectologist salary
Salary as of 10/22/2019
Russia 15000—55000 ₽
Moscow 20000—100000 ₽
Professional knowledge
- Correctional pedagogical techniques, methods and techniques.
- The ability to establish psychological contact with students.
- Ability to analyze results medical examination, conclusions of teachers and psychologists.
- Diagnostic techniques.
- Deep knowledge in the field of psychology and sociology.
- Basic knowledge of medicine.
- The skills and knowledge necessary to develop an individual correction program.
- Knowledge 1 foreign language(preferred, but not required).
Famous defectologists
- Rosa Evgenievna Levina.
- Alexander Romanovich Luria.
- Klara Samoilovna Lebedinskaya.
All-Russian pedagogical competition for the best career guidance essay
“My profession is defectologist”
Popular wisdom says: “IfWant, toyearremembered - plantflowers, for a long timeremembered - planttree, foreverremembered- teach children".
Many years ago, I often played school and I really fell in love with the main role - the role of the teacher. I always dreamed of devoting myself to children, I felt the need to bring joy, benefit and wanted to be an example to follow. Growing up, I decided that I would connect my life with working at school. My childhood dream came true. I am a speech pathologist teacher. My students are special children. I believe that a defectologist should be responsible, patient, attentive, responsive, tactful, persistent, and caring. He needs knowledge in pedagogy, psychology, medicine, genetics and other subjects.
The main task of a person who has chosen the profession of a defectologist is to train and develop a “special” child, to help him adapt in social, everyday, professional and other spheres.
Every day I come to work and feel a huge responsibility for the future of each of my students. This is very difficult but noble work. Teaching children with disabilities, seeing and enjoying even their small achievements, this is exactly my calling. I give and will give all my love, kindness and care to children.
When a teacher comes to work at a school, he begins to learn. So do I day after dayI have mastered and continue to master teaching skills, I seek and find an individual approach to everyone,I teach deaf children to find and learn new and interesting things. When I see the results of effective correctional work, I feel proud even for the small victories of my students.
Improving the quality of education puts forward more and more new requirements for the training and education of hearing-impaired children. To teach them, you need to know a lot yourself. It is important for me to learn new things and share my teaching experience, so I take part and share many years of experience in teaching children with disabilities as part of the activities methodological associations, at seminars, conferences, both at the level of an educational institution and at the city and republican levels. I also share my experience with the parents of my students and students. I use modern technologies in my work. Awarded honorary diplomas and certificates.
For fourteen years I have been working at a school with special and very beloved children. I always try to be friendly and responsive with the guys and colleagues. I have never regretted that I received special education, because it allowed me to help many families. Often parents do not attach importance to the importance of starting treatment and education on time. My knowledge and pedagogical assistance help determine the right path for the development of young children with disabilities: they suggesthow to educate, what and how to teach. In conversations with parents, I share my experience and I can say for sure that the difficulties faced by a family raising a disabled child can be solved and there are many specialists who will always come to the rescue and be there. At these moments, my words give strength and help the family become more confident in the future.
A defectologist is one of the most important, responsible, and in-demand professions. I love my difficult, but necessary and interesting work. I am proud of my profession!
Like ordinary children, a child with special educational needs has the right to receive qualified pedagogical assistance, which can only be provided by a specially trained teacher. For successful educational and educational activities in the structure of special education, ordinary pedagogical training is not enough.
The professional activity of a teacher-defectologist goes beyond the traditional framework of a teacher’s work, closely interacting and intertwining with various types of social-pedagogical, rehabilitation, consultative-diagnostic, psychotherapeutic, correctional and other types of “non-teaching” activities aimed at one most important goal - helping a person with limited ability to live in his social adaptation and integration through special education.
The professional experience of a defectologist, of course, does not coincide with the content of his professional training - it is much broader and deeper. Mastering the full depth and all aspects of pedagogical culture in the field of special education, which is integrated into the structure of his own personality as readiness for his chosen activity in the unity of his needs and abilities, continues throughout his entire professional life. The goal he constantly strives for is pedagogical skill- a fusion of professionally significant personal and professional qualities.
A graduate of a pedagogical university, trained in one or another defectology specialty, must be competent in performing the following types of professional activities:
Teaching;
Constructive and organizational;
Diagnostic and analytical;
Advisory;
Projective;
Gnostic;
Psychoprophylactic;
Correctional and developmental;
Educational;
Research;
Educational;
Coordinator.
This means that a mature defectologist must be proficient in:
The ability to conduct a pedagogical examination in order to understand the characteristics of the development of a child and adolescent and identify existing educational achievements;
Differential diagnostic methods to determine the type of disorder (without the right to make a clinical and psychological diagnosis);
The ability to provide pedagogical consultation to children, their parents, as well as teachers of mass educational institutions on the problems of training, education, life and professional self-determination of students;
Techniques and methods of adaptation and transformation of educational and didactic material and educational conditions in accordance with the capabilities and needs of children and adolescents with disabilities and developmental disabilities; the ability to create, maintain and effectively use a special educational environment;
Technologies and methods of training and education of children and adolescents with special educational needs in various organizational forms of the special education process;
Skills in providing an environmentally friendly, psychologically and emotionally comfortable environment in all subsystems of special education and life activities of students;
Knowledge of prevention techniques and methods for correcting habits that are harmful to health, as well as protection from the adverse influence of the social environment;
Methods of providing psychological assistance in dangerous and emergency situations of natural, man-made and social origin;
Organizational skills of interaction and cooperation with parents in order to improve their psychological culture;
Skills in organizing and conducting research work.
In relation to each defectological specialty, these general competencies are supplemented in accordance with the characteristics of professional activity with children of a particular category with more specific specific competencies. To this is constantly added the unique and inimitable individual professional experience acquired and comprehended by the teacher throughout his professional activity.
Special education teachers work in special educational institutions (preschool, school, vocational education institutions), in psychological, medical, social, rehabilitation, advisory and diagnostic centers, psychological, medical and pedagogical consultations, at speech therapy centers, as well as in educational institutions of general appointments, in orphanages and boarding schools, carrying out correctional and pedagogical work with different categories students and pupils; they can conduct individual training and education of children with developmental disabilities at home and carry out home visits to provide early comprehensive assistance to families with a child with developmental disabilities.
The need of general educational institutions for special psychologists and teachers has noticeably increased in the context of the development of integration and a differentiated approach to students. For a teacher-defectologist (especially an oligophrenopedagogist), due to the specifics of his professional education, it is not difficult to competently organize the process of teaching and raising children in classes of correctional, developmental and compensatory education, while at the same time, as a teacher of a mass school, he experiences difficulties in working with children who exhibit signs of school maladjustment.
The required level of professional competence of a teacher-defectologist is constantly maintained by him both through self-education, studying the best practices of practicing defectologists, and through specially organized training in the system of advanced training and retraining.
Professional development is carried out as necessary, but at least once every five years. Its most important task is to replenish the theoretical knowledge and professional competencies of defectologists in accordance with the regular updating, addition and improvement of State educational standards for higher professional education, the requirements of which must always be met.
Advanced training and professional retraining (preparation for conducting a new type of professional activity) of defectologists is carried out at institutes for advanced training (institutes of advanced training) for teachers of teacher education, at the Academy for Advanced Training, as well as in the relevant structural divisions of pedagogical universities (faculties for advanced training and retraining). The activities of this system are aimed not only at modernizing existing professional qualifications, but also at expanding the range of specializations in accordance with the professional needs of the specialist himself or the educational institution in which he works.
Defectologists involved in the advanced training system can participate in the formation of the content of educational programs in accordance with their needs and interests and, in agreement with the training department, choose disciplines for an optional or individual form of training.
Who are speech pathologists?
To answer this question, let's turn to reference books.
Defectology (lat. defektus - deficiency) - is a science located at the intersection of medicine and pedagogy and studies the patterns and characteristics of the development of children with physical and mental disabilities and issues of their training and education (L.S. Vygotsky “Fundamentals of Defectology”).
defectologist is a specialist in the field of study, training, education and socialization of children with developmental disabilities. In other words, a defectologist in the narrow sense is a correctional teacher.
Teachers-defectologists(they are also special teachers) are engaged in the development, education and training of children with almost any developmental problems - both in the physical and psychological spheres. Various areas of work of defectologists are aimed at children with congenital and acquired hearing and vision impairments, pathology of the speech apparatus, decreased intelligence, psychoneurotic reactions, and so on.
The main task of speech pathologists is not so much speech development as psychological and social help a child with special needs, as well as the development of his intellectual abilities.
For example, a speech pathologist teacher working with children with hearing loss strives, first of all, to help the child adapt to life in society as much as possible. When working with children with insufficiently developed intellectual development The defectologist needs, first of all, to instill in the child basic self-care skills.
There are several defectological specialties:
- Teacher of the Deaf - teaches children with hearing impairments;
- Oligophrenopedagogue - teaches children with mental retardation;
- Typhlopedagogue – teaches children with visual impairments;
- Speech therapist is a specialist who works with all types of speech disorders in children.
During the consultation, the defectologist examines the child, identifies existing disorders through diagnostics, conducts conversations with parents, finds out the circumstances under which the disease arose and developed,, if necessary, prescribes additional examinations and analyzes their results. All this allows you to accurately determine the nature of the deviation and choose the direction for targeted correction work.
After the initial examination of the children, parents receive answers to their questions about organizing correctional assistance for the child.
When should you contact a speech pathologist?
The help of a defectologist is needed not only for children with impaired hearing and vision or children with various disorders intelligence, even an ordinary child may need qualified advice.
You should definitely show a child with a history of illness to a defectologist. birth trauma central nervous system (history of PEP). Moreover, this should be done not when the baby is already trying to speak, but for the first six months of his life. A specialist can recommend special developmental exercises and suggest what you should pay attention to specifically for this child.
An experienced speech pathologist can also tell parents how to develop intellectual abilities child and expand his vocabulary, improve pronunciation and mastery of his own speech. Under the correct guidance of a speech pathologist, children learn to better express their thoughts, develop the ability to perceive new information, and learn better.
The main areas of work of a teacher-defectologist with a child:
- formation mathematical representations(quantitative, spatial, temporal).
- design training: in design classes, the child masters ideas about space, color and shape of objects, learns to act according to a model, and coordinate hand movements.
- learning to play: some children do not know how to play, or their level of development play activity corresponds more younger age. For such children, it is necessary to organize special classes to help them “advance” in development.Specially organized games help develop the child’s perception, attention, memory and thinking, hand motor skills, and rhythmic ability.
- familiarization with the surrounding world and development of speech: the child learns to see surrounding objects and phenomena, the range of his ideas and vocabulary expands, and coherent speech develops.
Test: Are you qualified to be a defectologist?
- Do you often think about the impact your actions have on others?
A) very rarely;
B) quite often;
B) very often.
- As a child, did you want to have a home:
A) horse;
B) fish;
B) a dog.
3. Being in a circle of people well known to you, you:
B) remain yourself and calmly observe what is happening;
C) trying to introduce your own rules of communication and influence others.
- How do you behave in a difficult situation?
A) boil internally;
B) remain completely calm;
C) lose your temper.
5. When you watch a horror movie, you:
A) are afraid;
B) you are bored;
C) you get genuine pleasure.
6. Imagine that reincarnation is actually possible. Who would you like to be born in your next life?
A) tiger;
B) a bear.
7. What irritates you most in a traffic jam:
A) that transport is moving so slowly and all your plans are ruined;
B) all the cars came so close to me!
Q) why do I pay road taxes?!
Give yourself 3 points for answers 1c, 2b, 3c, 4a, 5a, 6b, 7a;
2 points for answers 1b, 2c, 3a, 4b, 5b, 6c, 7c;
1 point for answers 1a, 2a, 3b, 4c, 5c, 6a, 7b;
18-21 points - you are a defectologist from God. You manage not only to accurately determine your patient’s problem, but also to accurately determine the optimal mechanisms for compensating for his shortcomings. Every unusual child, each person with deviations from the norm is unique and exceptional for you. You are able to make a genius out of a child with a non-standard type of thinking. You should erect a monument during your lifetime!
11-17 points - your angelic patience, sensitivity and knowledge of the laws of functioning and development of the psyche allow you to achieve excellent results. Mental retardation or speech and hearing defects are undoubtedly weaker than the technologies and correction methods in your arsenal. You have chosen the right profession!
10 points and below - working with people, and especially with such difficult children, is a very big emotional burden for you. You should find something quieter for yourself. After all, there are plenty of opportunities in the world to choose a business to suit your taste.
