Connoisseurs luxury clothing certainly know what pashmina is. This is the name of wool fabric woven from the undercoat of the Himalayan goat. The material has an exceptionally light, thin and soft texture.
A little biology
Animals that give people their warm fluff graze so high in the mountains that nature has provided two types of wool for them. The upper visible (guard) hair is long, hard and thick. The lower down is a crimped, thin, interwoven fiber that creates small air pockets that maintain the temperature of the animal's skin, protecting it from cold in cold weather, and from overheating in hot weather. This unique undercoat serves as the raw material for the production of pashmina material.
Delicate down - gentle processing
Every spring, during molting, the delicate fleece is combed from the belly and neck of the goats using special combs. It will take at least 4 years before the animal grows undercoat for a new collection. The wool is cleaned in a solution of rice water, and then the thread is spun without the use of spinning machines, by hand. Delicate yarn also does not tolerate industrial processing, so it is woven on hand looms.
What is pashmina
Goat underhair fibers are 3 times thinner than human hair. They do not contain wool wax (lanolin), so they do not smell like wool, are extremely environmentally friendly and do not cause irritation or allergies.
The amazing thermal insulation properties of the fiber, the long and labor-intensive spinning process and the fact that to make one pashmina scarf requires the undercoat of as many as four goats, make the fabric very expensive, it belongs to the premium class. According to experts, the cost of one product is about 70 US dollars.
An item whose label says it is 100% pashmina is rarely found on sale. Much more often the composition “pashmina + silk” is offered. Moreover, the last component should be present in the tissue no more than 40%. The advantage of mixed material is that it is stronger and cheaper, moreover thin cloth has a characteristic noble shine. The only downside is that the product is not as warm as one made from 100% down.
Precious material
It is no coincidence that the name of the material is Persian in origin. The word Shah-tus is translated as “royal wool”. Back in the 16th century, noble people knew what kind of fabric pashmina was. One of her first admirers was Muhammad Zahireddin Babur from the Mughal dynasty. Embroidered precious stones and gold shawls made of fine fabric - pashmina - were transported along the Great Silk Road to his successor Akbar. The material came to Europe in the 18th century. They say that Napoleon first brought a pashmina shawl to his beloved Josephine Beauharnais. The woman appreciated the exquisite wool; pashmina scarves, scarves, and shawls of various colors appeared in her wardrobe.
Pashmina used to be so highly valued that it was passed down from generation to generation as a family treasure.
How to distinguish a pashmina product from counterfeits
You should not always trust a label that assures you that this is one hundred percent pashmina. There are a number of tricks that will help determine whether this is actually the case:
- Hold the product in your hands for a few seconds: the fabric should warm up.
- Apply the item to the delicate skin of your neck: the touch should be weightlessly soft, without tingling or discomfort.
- Fold the stole: it should fit in your closed palm or fit easily through the hole of the wedding ring.
- Carefully examine the surface of the fabric: if the knitting is dense and double-sided, it is a pashmina.
- Examine the edge of the product: if woven by hand, it will not be smooth and impeccably neat. To hide these defects, a pashmina item is decorated along the edges with fringe and tassels.
- Pashmina absorbs water several times faster than ordinary wool, but you are unlikely to be able to test this in a store.
- Pay attention to the color: it should not be too bright, since the structure of the fibers prevents the penetration of coloring pigments.
Color and embroidery
The true colors of pashmina are the shades of goat fur: black, white and gray-brown. Only white fleece is dyed. The wool is also tinted by hand. It is believed that for a high-quality result it is necessary to dilute natural dyes in water from icy springs.
Pashmina embroidery is also a labor-intensive operation as the thin fabric can tear. Patterns are made by stretching fabric on special frames. The nature of the design can be anything, but oriental “cucumbers” are considered traditional.
Prestigious products
When studying the question of what kind of fabric is pashmina, it is worth keeping in mind that products made from it are also called this word. That is, the phrase “collection of elegant pashminas” suggests that we are talking about shawls, scarves and stoles.
The standard sizes of items made from selected wool are: shawl - 200 cm long and 92 cm wide, scarf - 175 cm long and 31 cm wide, pashmina stole measures 200 cm by 71 cm.
Versions of outfits with pashmina
What is a pashmina in your wardrobe if not a lifesaver? Items made from this fabric are equally appropriate in combination with a cocktail dress and as part of a business suit. Prestigious accessories must be worn correctly.
1. The easiest way is to wrap luxurious fabric shoulders over an evening dress.
2. The classic version is a pashmina scarf wrapped around the throat and one end thrown over the back.
3. You can make an original jacket from a scarf by gathering it at the back of your neck, throwing the free end over your shoulder and securing it with an elegant strap at the waist.
4. Wrapping a shawl or scarf around your neck several times will not only keep you warm, but will also create a fabulous feeling of comfort and peace.
5. The pashmina can be tied at the front with a knot or bow to decorate the jumper.
6. What is a pashmina in summer if not an improvised top that can be wrapped around the chest?
7. A thin, dense scarf with light tassels tied on the head looks piquant.
Specifics of care
An expensive item requires a non-standard approach. Here are some tips for proper preservation of pashmina items.
- You can wash items made from goat fur after 7-8 wears and under no circumstances in the machine. Water that is too hot will damage the composition of the pashmina, so its temperature should only reach 25 degrees Celsius. Use washing powder or soap is also not recommended. For these purposes, it is best to use shampoo, and you can rinse the item in water with hair conditioner.
- After washing, you should not wring out the pashmina, much less twist it. Place the product in a terry towel, wrap it in a roll and easily squeeze out the water.
- Dry the pashmina by laying it on a horizontal surface and protect it from sources of heat and sunlight.
- If you decide to iron the item, do it through chintz or cotton fabric with a non-hot iron.
- You can only put away clean items for storage: stale clothes acquire a persistent unpleasant odor and attract moths.
- It is better to store pashmina in a paper or linen bag, but you can also store it in a plastic bag. Place the Antimol tablet inside. Dried leaves or flowers of geranium, tansy, lavender, mint or wormwood are suitable natural repellents.
- It is better not to wear a pashmina with metal jewelry, the sharp elements of which can tear the fabric.
- As with any woolen material, pills form on pashmina. They must be removed carefully, manually, without using a machine, Velcro or razor.
If your favorite thing is stained
It is better to immediately wash the newly planted stain with water, first sprinkling it generously with salt. Old stains can be treated with a solution citric acid(2 teaspoons per glass of water). If a mark remains from fruit, do not try to wash it off with soap - on the contrary, it will fix the stain.
The tea mark on the pashmina can be rubbed with a swab dipped in a mixture of ammonia (half a teaspoon) and glycerin (2 tablespoons). Glycerin will also help remove egg stains.
If an ink stain appears on the product, a solution of ammonia and baking soda (1 teaspoon per glass of water) will help.
Greasy marks on dark pashmina can be removed by ironing with a warm iron through paper napkins, placed on both sides of the spots. Remove stains from a light-colored product with a mixture of gasoline and burnt magnesia (sold at a pharmacy). Apply the mixture to the stain, wait until it dries, and remove with a brush.
Makeup stains can be easily removed with alcohol or refined gasoline.
Mohair, cashmere, pashmina
What is the difference between similar types of wool? Mohair is a yarn made from Angora goat hair with the addition of sheep wool and acrylic, which gives the fabric strength and a special shine, which is why mohair is called “diamond fiber.” This material is very warm, light and durable, the range of its use is incredibly wide - from scarves and coats to carpets and soft toys.
Cashmere is a material made from goat hair; it contains both fluff and guard hair from the fleece of Himalayan artiodactyls. Cashmere fibers are 20 microns thick. Goats, whose wool can be used to make cashmere, as well as pashmina, are found only in India, Mongolia and Pakistan.
Star matter
Since the time of Josephine, this exclusive fabric has remained a favorite of famous and stylish beauties of our time. Actresses Cameron Diaz, Liv Tyler, Carla Bruni, Julia Roberts flaunt items made from pashmina; they are collected and even given cute nicknames by Gwyneth Paltrow, Jennifer Aniston, Angelina Jolie.
TERNO
TERNO
(name of the inventor Ternaux) Wed, uncl. fine fabric made of goat down and wool, shawl fabric.
Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary. IN AND. Dahl. 1863-1866.
See what "TERNO" is in other dictionaries:
terno- uncl., cf. Ternaux. On behalf of the French manufacturer (Guillaume Louis Ternaux, 1765 1835). outdated Fine fabric made of goat down and wool, imitating Indian cashmere. BAS 1. Wool fabric twill weave from high quality yarn. So… …
1) when playing lotto, this is the name given to three numbers covered on one horizontal line; 2) a thin fabric made from goat down, named after the manufacturer who introduced Kashmir weaving in France. Dictionary of foreign words included in Russian... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
Fine goat wool fabric, cashmere, shawl fabric. From fam. French sheep farmer Terno; Wed German Ternauchwolle… Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language by Max Vasmer
Neskl. Wed 1. Thin fabric made of goat down and wool, imitating Indian cashmere. 2. decomposition Products made from such fabric. Ephraim's explanatory dictionary. T. F. Efremova. 2000... Modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Efremova
Noun, number of synonyms: 1 fabric (474) ASIS Dictionary of Synonyms. V.N. Trishin. 2013… Synonym dictionary
terno- I a, s., zakh. The same ones that are thorny. II invisible, p., frozen Wool fabric, transl. black color, similar to cashmere... Ukrainian Tlumach Dictionary
terno- (Italian temo) 1. in tombolata: three rounds of extraction in the east, third addition 2. fig. success is unusual, unknown to the world... Macedonian dictionary
terno- 1st name of the middle type is thinned rarely terno 2nd name of the middle kind woolen fabric arch... Spelling dictionary of Ukrainian language
terno-cashmere- oh, oh. See Kashmir terno. Scarves: shawls, carpet scarves, terno cashmere scarves, Indian scarves. Decree. vyst. 1839 175 … Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language
terno-kashmir- a, m. See Kashmir terno... Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language
Books
- , Valentin Terno. Valentin Terno's book of memoirs tells of his pre-war childhood in Leningrad and difficult teenage years in Nazi-occupied Kyiv. By the will of fate, the author witnessed many...
- Memories of childhood: Leningrad - Kyiv, Valentin Terno. From the publisher: Valentin Terno's book of memoirs tells of his pre-war childhood in Leningrad and difficult teenage years in Nazi-occupied...
