Sailor's uniform. Russian Navy uniform: types and division

It has its own rather long history. Over the decades it has undergone many changes. In the article we will look at a short history shapes, its various options and principles of wearing.

History of naval dress

The history of the Navy uniform dates back to the time of Peter the Great. By order of the powerful emperor-manager, in 1696 the Boyar Duma decided to create the first navy in the Russian state. October 30 is traditionally considered the founding day of the Russian Fleet.

With its creation, Peter I introduced a uniform for sailors and lower ranks, created from items of naval clothing of Dutch naval employees, namely a gray or green jacket made of coarse wool, short green pants, stockings and a wide-brimmed hat. Shoes for naval employees were leather shoes. This set was also replaced by a casual work suit. It included a loose shirt, canvas trousers, a cocked hat and a camisole. The sailors wore it during Ushakov’s Mediterranean campaign.

The work uniform, which included a set of gray canvas trousers and a shirt, was worn during any ship work; a uniform white shirt with an azure collar was put on top of it. This suit was approved as a uniform for privates in the summer of 1874.

About Navy uniform fabrics

Until the 80s of the 20th century, military everyday work uniforms for military personnel of the Russian Navy were made from lightweight canvas, which was easy to clean from the most difficult stains. The Black Sea Fleet was dressed in white work clothes, the rest - most often in blue. A little later, the color of the uniform changed to blue/dark blue, and the material became predominantly cotton fabric. The new uniform is sewn in a variety of workshops, using all sorts of materials that are not always of good quality. The new (currently approved) uniform can be of any color ranging from shades of black and blue.

What is the most common new naval suit for 2019? A naval suit, or in the jargon of Navy personnel, a work dress (also a sailor's robe) is a form of working clothing for sailors, cadets of naval schools, as well as petty officers of the Russian Navy. A sailor's suit consists of the following items of clothing:

• Shirt.
• Trousers.
• Sailor collar.
• Shoes.
• Headdress.

Sailor's Shirt

The shirt, worn, as a rule, with a special button-down collar, is cut like a classic sailor's shirt. Its back and one-piece front are without seams, with a wide turn-down collar. There is a patch pocket on the front and an internal pocket on the reverse side. There is a slit that fastens with a button. The shirt sleeves are straight, set-in; simple shoulder straps corresponding to the rank. A mandatory element of sailor clothing is a white tag with an indelible combat number. Such a shirt is worn untucked, and during service on watch it must be tucked into the pants. In cold weather, an overcoat, peacoat or coat is worn over the set.

Sailor's trousers

Sailor's work trousers are made of dark blue cotton fabric. They have side pockets, fasteners located on the codpiece, as well as a belt with special loops (belt loops) for the belt. The belt is made mainly from pigskin, and on its plaque is the emblem of the Russian Navy. The buckle of the model that existed in the USSR depicted an anchor with a star.

Sailor's collar

The collar is also made of cotton material, worn over the shirt, has a lining and three white stripes, symbolizing the victories of the Navy in such battles as Chesme, Gangut and Sinop. Dress naval clothing also includes a sailor collar.

Sailor's headdress

There are several hats in Navy uniforms. One of them is a trump cap, to which is attached a ribbon with the name of the ship or with the inscription “Navy”. The tape is put on the band. It, like the bottom and walls, is made of wool. On the crown of the headdress there is a cockade representing a golden anchor. In the USSR, the cockade had the shape of a so-called “crab” - a red star framed by golden-colored leaves. The summer cap is made of white fabric (comes with a replaceable cover). The winter headdress is a black fur hat with earflaps.

In 2014, plans were made to introduce a wool hat to replace the earflap hat for outdoor work. Also in 2014, other developments of a new form were carried out, but some innovations did not take root.

In addition, the casual uniform set includes a beret.

The set of hats also includes a cap. On the front side of the cap there is a golden cockade in the shape of an anchor. In Soviet-era Navy uniforms, caps were intended for submarine crews. It was black in color and differed in type - for privates and for officers. Relatively recently, the cap was adopted as part of the uniform worn by the entire Navy. Its semicircular style was replaced with a rectangular one. The cap also received white piping, which was previously intended only for midshipmen and officers’ headdresses, as well as a cockade instead of a star.

Shoes

The above-described suit is accompanied by boots made of yuft leather, with thick soles, called “burnouts” or “bastards” in naval jargon. Not so long ago, boots were made with laces, but now, in 2019, they also have rubber inserts (they were introduced in 2014). In areas where the climate is harsh, military personnel wear cowhide boots. The tropical uniform includes wearing sandals.

Also included in the complete set of everyday uniforms is a striped vest, gloves and a hat with earflaps.

Casual uniform for officers and midshipmen

The military casual uniform, intended for officers and midshipmen, includes: a black or white woolen cap, a jacket made of the same material, a black coat, a cream shirt, a black tie with a gold bartack, a muffler, black trousers, a waist belt, gloves and ankle boots, low shoes or boots as footwear. It is also allowed to include a black cap, a woolen sweater of the same color, a demi-season jacket or raincoat and a jacket made of blue wool in the everyday set.

Casual women's Navy uniform

It is a set of a cap made of black wool, a black woolen skirt, a cream-colored blouse, a traditional tie with gold fastening and a waist belt, black shoes (or boots) and nude tights. Also included is a jacket.

A winter casual uniform involves wearing an astrakhan black beret, a wool coat, a skirt, a blouse, a belt, a tie and tights from the summer set described above, a black muffler and gloves. Shoes are boots or boots. The jacket is also available in a winter version of the uniform. It is allowed to wear a sweater, a demi-season raincoat, a cap and a hat with earflaps.

It is worth noting that some of the elements that exist in the kit now were introduced in 2014.

Now, having examined everyday naval attire, let's move on to others various types marine shape. There are several types of them, including:

• Front door.
• Office.
• Dembelskaya.

Also, since the times of the USSR, there has been a division into winter and summer forms.

Video: review of the new type of office uniform for Navy officers

Dress uniform for officers and midshipmen of the Navy

There are several types of dress uniforms for different weather/climate conditions. The headdress in the ceremonial set is a white/black cap (summer or winter/woolen) or a hat with earflaps made of black fur (colonels, senior officers and captains of the first rank wear an astrakhan hat with a visor).

A mandatory element of any type of officer's and midshipman's dress uniform is a black tie with a gold tack. Also included is a wool jacket: black (dress) or white (summer). Black wool trousers, a white shirt and a golden belt are the basis of any dress uniform.

Shoes – black or white shoes/boots or low shoes/shoes. A white muffler or detachable collar may also be present (depending on weather conditions). As outerwear– black coat made of woolen fabric. He wears sewn shoulder straps, just like jackets. The shirts are removable. The winter dress uniform includes warm black gloves. It is also allowed to wear a demi-season raincoat or jacket and white gloves.

Dress uniform for petty officers and sailors of the Navy

Mandatory items of clothing are a striped vest (the contract soldier's uniform requires wearing a cream shirt with a tie), black wool trousers and a black waist belt. The headdress can be a white (summer) peakless cap or a black woolen or fur hat with earflaps (winter version). A white or black cap is also intended for a contract soldier. There is also a white uniform (for a contract soldier - a jacket made of black wool), or a blue flannel jacket. The uniform includes a black woolen coat (on which shoulder straps are also worn, as well as jackets, peacoats, flannel jackets and uniforms), a muffler and gloves. Wearing a pea coat is also permitted. Footwear – boots/low shoes, ankle boots.

Women's Navy dress uniform

This set is almost completely identical in composition to the everyday one, except that the jacket is ceremonial, the belt is also ceremonial, golden, and in the winter version it comes with a white muffler.

• A blue or black cap or casual cap of the same colors.
• A suit consisting of trousers and a jacket with long (short) sleeves.
• Vests or white/blue T-shirts.
• The Navy office uniform also includes a white cap.

Video: Navy Day and dress uniform

Navy demobilization uniform

The demobilization naval uniform is a very special “informal” uniform for an employee. This is not just a set of clothes - but a manifestation of the soldier’s imagination and pride. This set is prepared according to the personal preferences of the employee. The tradition of making uniforms specifically for transfer to the reserve came to us from the USSR.

The demobilization form can also be divided into several types:

• Strict.
• Decorated.

The decorated demobilization uniform can, in turn, be unofficially divided into:

• Moderately decorated.
• Medium decorated.
• Richly decorated.

Accordingly, it makes sense to consider in more detail the strict (statutory) demobilization uniform, due to the freedom of compiling a set of decorated uniforms. It most often consists of a sewn jacket, with sewn emblems of the tribal troops, gold buttons, awards and badges, aiguillettes and traditional shoes, a belt and a cap (beret).

Video about the Navy uniform

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NAVAL MINISTRY OF THE UNION OF THE USSR
NAVAL PUBLISHING HOUSE OF THE NAVAL MINISTRY OF THE UNION OF THE USSR. Moscow - 1952

1. Carrying weapons while wearing uniform.
2. Brief description of uniform items.
3. Drawings of insignia of military personnel of the Navy.
4. Drawings of uniforms of military personnel of the Navy.

ORDER OF THE NAVY MINISTER OF THE UNION OF THE USSR No. 170

1. Approve and put into effect the announced “Rules for wearing naval uniforms, orders and medals by military personnel of the Navy.”
Study the rules with the personnel and demand their strict and precise implementation.
2. Previously issued orders and directives on the rules for wearing naval uniforms, orders and medals should not be followed.

Deputy Minister of the Navy of the USSR Admiral BASISTY
Acting Chief of the Naval General Staff Vice Admiral FOKIN

CHAPTER I. GENERAL PROVISIONS.

2. The right to wear a uniform is enjoyed by:

A) all military personnel in active naval service;
b) admirals, generals and officers of the Naval Forces, enlisted in the reserve or retired with the right to wear uniforms;
c) conscripts of the Navy called up for regular and extraordinary training - for the duration of the training.

3. Petty officers (sergeants) and sailors of the Navy, discharged to the reserve or completely from service, have the right to wear items of uniform, but without insignia, emblems, ribbons for caps, uniform buttons and badges for waist belts, which must be withdrawn on the day of registration of the dismissed person at the military commissariat at the place of residence.

4. All items of uniform and equipment must correspond to their descriptions and drawings, be neatly fitted and always be in good and tidy condition.
Wearing unspecified insignia and jewelry is not permitted.
Metal fittings of clothing and equipment should always be cleaned to a shine.
Alteration of items of the established uniform, leading to its distortion, intentional damage and loss of items of uniform through the fault of military personnel are prosecuted in court or disciplinary proceedings, with the persons who caused the damage held liable.

5. Military personnel must always be in uniform, clean and neatly dressed.
When visiting military authorities, military personnel are required to wear only the prescribed uniform.

6. Mixing the established uniform with civilian, sanatorium and hospital clothing, as well as wearing uniform items made from fabrics not provided for by clothing supply standards, is prohibited.

7. Commanders and superiors are obliged to instill in their subordinates respect for the uniform they wear and demand compliance with the rules for wearing it. neat maintenance and savings.

CHAPTER II. TYPES OF NAVAL CLOTHING UNIFORM AND ITS APPLICATION.

9. According to the time of year, clothing is divided into summer and winter.

10. The period for wearing summer uniforms is established by the commanders of fleets and flotillas, commanders of naval bases, senior naval commanders (chiefs of garrisons) based on the climatic conditions of the ship’s navigation or the base of the unit.
Note. The period for wearing summer uniforms in the Navy is usually set from May 1 to October 1.

11. According to purpose, the uniform is divided into:

Front door;
- everyday for the building;
- everyday out of order.

12. For ease of notification, each of the above forms, depending on the combination of uniform items, is divided by numbers, as indicated in tables 5-9.

13. Uniform numbers are announced for every day:

Headquarters of fleets, flotillas and naval bases;
- senior naval commanders (chiefs of garrisons);
- seniors on raids;
- commanders of formations of ships on a voyage;
- commanders of ships on a separate voyage.
When announcing clothing uniform numbers, the purpose of the uniform and temperature conditions are taken into account.
Depending on the weather conditions, the dress code announced for the day may change during the day.

14. Wearing a uniform according to the announced number is mandatory:

For all military personnel while in service;
- for all military personnel when performing duties in the service of ship orders and orders for internal, garrison and guard services;
- for all military personnel wearing the uniform established for ordinary personnel - in all cases;
- for all military personnel, if there is a special instruction.

15. With the declared uniform No. 1 and No. 2 (white jacket and white trousers, white jacket and black trousers), admirals, generals and officers are allowed to wear a black casual jacket.
When announcing, in accordance with Article 14 of the Rules, the compulsory wearing of uniforms No. 1 and No. 2, officers are allowed to wear dark blue work jackets when working in their office premises.

16. Headquarters and officials referred to in art. 13 of these rules, when they announce the numbers of uniforms, as well as admirals, generals, officers and petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for officers, when choosing uniforms for various occasions, they are guided by the following:

Dress uniform is worn:

A) at parades and inspection reviews;
b) when lined up for a meeting: Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Generalissimo of the Soviet Union, Minister of the Navy of the USSR, Minister of War of the USSR, member of the Main Naval Council, Chief of the Naval General Staff, Chief of the General Headquarters of the Soviet Army, Deputy Naval and Military Ministers of the USSR, Fleet Admirals, Marshals of the Soviet Union, Ambassadors Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary and Envoys of the USSR, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Union Republic and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Union Republic, in the waters and territories of which it is located ship (part);
c) when launching ships, when raising the Naval flag (when the ship enters service);
d) when presenting banners, guards and order naval flags and awards to a ship or unit;
e) upon appointment to the honor guard;
f) when taking the military oath;
g) on ​​official anniversaries, gala evenings, on revolutionary, state, military holidays and holidays of ships (units).

Casual uniform for the formation is worn:

A) when performing duties in the service of ship orders and orders for internal, garrison and guard services, except for being on the guard of honor, when it is necessary to be in full dress uniform;
b) during drills and tactical exercises in the field as directed by the commander of the ship (unit);

C) in special cases - as directed by the commander of the ship (unit). Casual clothing outside of duty is worn:

A) at work;
b) during training sessions;
c) at official meetings and meetings;
d) during official training at headquarters and institutions;
e) in free time from classes and work - on a ship, in a unit.

Notes:

1. When visiting public places and shows (theaters, clubs, etc.), admirals, generals, officers, petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for officers are only allowed to wear a jacket, casual or dress uniform.
2. When working on ships, in units, docks, workshops and factories, officers and petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for officers are allowed to wear blue cotton work jackets. It is prohibited to appear in a blue cotton jacket in the city.
3. For military personnel on guard duty, the uniform is set to one number higher than announced.

17. Admirals, generals, officers and petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for off-duty officers, in summer period When wearing a jacket every day, it is allowed to wear white trousers.

18. Female military personnel wear the uniform established for them in relation to these rules - without a dagger.

CHAPTER III. ABOUT WEARING NAVAL UNIFORMS.

ABOUT HEADS.

20. A peaked cap is worn by sailors and petty officers (sergeants) in conscript service and is put on so that the lower edge of the band is the width of one or two fingers placed horizontally above the eyebrows, and has a slight slope to the right side of the head. It is prohibited to move the cap to the back of the head.
The center of the star should be on a vertical line passing through the middle of the forehead.

21. The hat with earflaps is put on directly without shifting on the side and on the back of the head. With the backrest down, the headphones should be tied with ribbons under the chin. The emblem (star) is attached exactly in the middle of the cap visor.

22. The removed headdress is held in the left freely lowered hand with the emblem (star) forward, according to the Armed Forces Drill Regulations.

Notes:

1. During the period of time announced for the summer uniform, all personnel of the Navy wear a white cap or a summer cap with a white cap on their caps. Admirals and generals, with a cream-colored woolen jacket, wear a cap cover made of the same fabric as the jacket.
2. Wearing ribbons of an unspecified type - moire or with an embroidered pattern is prohibited.
3. In formation, all personnel must wear either hats or caps.

ABOUT OUTERWEAR.

A) in the ranks and when performing duties in the service of ship orders and orders for internal, garrison and guard services - always on the hook and all buttons;
b) out of order - optionally on all buttons or on the bottom four buttons. In the latter case, the upper corners of both sides of the overcoat are turned away in the form of lapels, and the hook on the collar of the overcoat remains unfastened.
The overcoat is fastened in all cases only with buttons on the starboard side.
During the winter period, when out of formation and free from serving ship outfits and outfits for internal, garrison and guard duty, admirals, generals, officers and petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for officers are allowed to wear black astrakhan on their overcoat collar

24. The overcoat of enlisted personnel is put on in sleeves and is always worn fastened with all hooks. Over the overcoat it is obligatory to wear a waist belt, placed behind the strap at the back and fastened at the front with a buckle between the fourth and fifth buttons, counting from the top. The middle of the badge should be exactly in line with the buttons of the overcoat.
When wearing an overcoat, it is mandatory to wear a black cloth tie with a bib and a white collar.

25. A summer coat is always worn with sleeves and fastened with three or four buttons if desired.
Note. The backs of summer overcoats and coats must be embroidered.

26. The peacoat is always worn with sleeves and fastened with a hook and all buttons. When wearing a pea coat, it is mandatory to wear a black cloth tie with a bib and a white collar.

27. Casual and dress jackets are worn buttoned up with all the buttons.

28. White and dark blue jackets are worn fastened with hooks and buttons.
When wearing a dark blue jacket, it is mandatory to wear a white collar with its upper edge extending 1-2 mm above the collar of the jacket.

29. On jackets (black and white) and dark blue jackets, braids (as appropriate) and sleeve buttons are worn.

30. When wearing a flannel shirt, be sure to wear a uniform collar turned outward.
Uniform and flannel shirts must be ironed and have no ironed folds.
Uniform and flannel shirts are tucked into trousers with gathers on the sides, without an overlap at the front of the waistband.
At an outside temperature of + 25°C and above, a marine sweatshirt (vest) is not worn.
In cold weather, warm underwear is worn as ordered.
The waist belt is worn over the trousers and fastened with a buckle in the front so that the middle of it falls on the front seam of the trousers.

31. The flaps of the pockets of an overcoat, summer coat, tunic and jacket must always be released outward.

ABOUT UNDERWEAR, COLLARS AND TIES.

33. When wearing formal and casual jackets, it is mandatory to wear a black tie, tied with a bow with long ends that are tucked under the vest or grabbed with a special clip so that they always lie vertically and do not get out of the way. Wearing ties of other colors is prohibited.

34. When wearing an overcoat and a summer coat, established for officers, outside the ranks and performing duties in the service of ship outfits and outfits for internal, guard and garrison services, it is allowed to wear a muffler only in white or black.

35. When wearing a sweater, the latter should be worn so that its collar does not protrude from under the collar of the jacket. When going to sea or flying, the sweater collar is allowed to be worn over the collar of the jacket.

ABOUT WEARING WORK AND SPECIAL CLOTHING.

When following in formation for work carried out outside the location of the ship (part), or coastal base;
- when receiving ammunition, property, food from warehouses and in other cases - by order.

Military personnel wearing inventory items of uniform are only allowed to be on ships, in units and at airfields on days of flight and work on the materiel.

ABOUT WEARING SHOES AND GLOVES.

38. Wearing rubber and leather boots, felt boots and fur boots is permitted in the cold season only on ships and in units during watch and guard duty, on flight days and when working on the materiel, as well as when working on special orders.

39. Gloves are worn in the following cases:

When wearing full dress uniform;
- when wearing everyday uniforms for formation as directed by the command.

In other cases, gloves are worn optionally, while white gloves are worn:

In full dress uniform;
- in casual wear, when wearing a white jacket;
- in some cases - by special order of the command.

For other forms of clothing, gloves are worn in wool, cotton, leather, black or steel color. In formation, all personnel must wear gloves of the same color.

CHAPTER IV. WEARING SPORTS CLOTHES AND COMMON DRESS.

41. Wearing civilian dress is permitted:

Admirals, generals, officers, as well as petty officers (sergeants) of long-term service in their free time from duty and only outside the ship (unit).

Wearing civilian dress on ships and in units is prohibited.
Officers, petty officers (sergeants) of long-term service living on ships (in units), when leaving for the city and returning from the city, are allowed to be in civilian dress only for the time necessary for leaving and returning, without the right to enter office premises.

42. Admirals, generals, officers, petty officers (sergeants) on long-term service outside the ranks and performing duties in the service of ship orders and orders for internal garrison and guard duty are allowed to wear galoshes.

43. Wearing raincoats, umbrellas, canes, rings, rings and other jewelry, chains (belts) from pocket watches over a tunic and jacket, as well as pencils and pens with the ends protruding from the outer pocket is not permitted.

CHAPTER V. MARKS OF DISTINCTION.

Shoulder straps and shoulder straps on navy uniforms.

44. Shoulder straps and shoulder straps serve to determine military rank and affiliation with the branch (service) of the Navy.
Along the contour, the shoulder straps are hexagons (for petty officers, sergeants, privates and cadets - pentagons) with parallel long sides. The lower end of the shoulder strap is rectangular, and the upper end of the officer's shoulder strap is cut off so that four corners are formed, with the upper side of the shoulder strap being parallel to the bottom; The upper part of the shoulder strap of petty officers, sergeants, privates and cadets is cut at an obtuse angle.
Shoulder straps and shoulder straps are made of cloth and can be hard, semi-hard or soft.
Hard and semi-hard shoulder straps - for admirals, generals, officers, as well as for petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for officers;
soft - for the rest of the petty officers (sergeants) and sailors, for cadets of naval schools, students of Nakhimov schools, as well as for cabin boys.
On jackets, overcoats and summer coats of admirals, generals, officers and petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for officers, sewn shoulder straps are worn. It is allowed to wear sewn shoulder straps on jackets.

45. The shoulder straps of admirals, generals and officers at the edges, except for the bottom, have piping of the same color as the gaps of the braid of the shoulder straps, with the exception of the shoulder straps of medical service officers, which have a red piping and the gaps of the braid are green.

46. ​​According to the military rank and branch (service) of the Navy, stars, stripes, emblems and letters are placed on the shoulder straps, the latter only on the shoulder straps of petty officers, sergeants and enlisted personnel.

47. Shoulder straps and shoulder straps are worn on all types of uniforms. Shoulder straps replace shoulder straps on flannel, uniform and work shirts. The sizes of shoulder straps and shoulder straps are shown in table. 1.

Table 1.

Shoulder straps are not worn on items of inventory workwear (leather coats, storm suits, guard sheepskin coats, raincoats, etc.).

EMAILS OF ADMIRALS AND GENERALS.

48. Shoulder straps made of cloth with braids of a special pattern sewn along them made of gilded or silver wire.
Five-pointed stars of two types are embroidered on top of the braid of the shoulder straps: on the shoulder straps of admirals - gold-colored, embroidered with gimp, with bunches of black rays emerging from under them and red convex pentagons in the middle, in which anchors are embroidered in black silk; for generals, on shoulder straps with gilded thread galloons, silver stars are embroidered with thread, and on shoulder straps with silver thread galloons, gold stars are embroidered. The color of the shoulder strap elements is shown in the table. 2.

The number of stars corresponds to military ranks:

Admiral (Colonel General) -3 stars;
- vice admiral (lieutenant general) - 2 stars;
- rear admiral (major general) - 1 star.

The stars are located on the longitudinal center lines of the shoulder strap in the following order: with one star, its center is 50 mm away from the lower edge of the shoulder strap; with two stars, the center of the lower star is 25 mm from the lower edge of the shoulder strap, and the center of the second star is 25 mm higher than the center of the lower star, the next star with its center is located 25 mm above the center of the previous star.

49. On the shoulder straps of the fleet admiral, the coat of arms of the Soviet Union is embroidered in the upper part, and below the coat of arms, a gold five-pointed star measuring 50 mm is embroidered with bunches of black rays emerging from under it and with a red pentagon in the middle, on which an anchor is embroidered in black silk.

50. Gilded emblems are placed on the shoulder straps of the admirals of the engineering and naval service, as well as on the shoulder straps of the generals of the engineering, technical and medical services and justice. The emblem on the shoulder straps of artillery generals and major generals of the veterinary service is silver.
The emblem is located on the longitudinal center line of the shoulder strap at a distance of 55 mm from the top edge to the bottom edge of the emblem.

51. Buttons on shoulder straps and items of uniform are metal, with the image of a coat of arms superimposed on two crossed anchors. The color of the buttons is the same as the color of the braid of the shoulder straps.

EMAILS OF SENIOR AND JUNIOR OFFICERS.

52. Shoulder straps made of cloth with braids of a special pattern sewn along them made of gilded or silver wire.
The shoulder straps of senior officers have two gaps; there is one gap on the shoulder straps of junior officers.
Metal pentagonal stars are applied to the shoulder straps (it is allowed to embroider with gimp): on shoulder straps with braid made of gilded wire - silver, and on shoulder straps with braid made of silver wire - gold.
The number and location of stars correspond to military ranks:

Captain 1st rank (colonel) - 3 stars;
- captain 2nd rank (lieutenant colonel) - 2 stars;
- captain 3rd rank (major) - 1 star;
- lieutenant commander (captain) -4 stars;
- senior lieutenant - 3 stars;
- lieutenant - 2 stars;
- junior lieutenant - 1 star.

The color of the shoulder strap elements and the location of the stars on them are shown in the table. 2 and 3.

During the publication of the Rules, the following changes were introduced: generals of the engineering, technical and commissariat services were given shoulder straps made of gold wire and crimson edgings. The color of the shoulder straps of generals of the engineering and technical service serving in aviation is blue. The color of the stars on the shoulder straps is silver, the buttons are gold.

Officers of the engineering and technical service serving on ships and in the headquarters of ship formations are given the insignia of naval service officers with the obligatory wearing of a silver emblem on their shoulder straps, depicting a gear with a three-blade propeller superimposed on it.
In this regard, paragraph 50 should be read as follows:
“Gilded emblems are applied to the shoulder straps of the admirals of the engineering and naval department, as well as to the shoulder straps of the generals of the medical services and justice. The emblem on the shoulder straps of the artillery generals, engineering, technical and veterinary services is silver.”

Table 2.

Notes:
* On the shoulder straps of engineering and technical service officers who have a higher education and serve in aviation units, they wear an emblem in the form of an image of horizontal wings with an aircraft engine and propeller superimposed on them. A five-pointed star is placed in the center of the image. The rest of the engineering and technical service officers with higher education wear emblems on their shoulder straps - a crossed hammer and an adjustable wrench.
** On the shoulder straps of engineering and technical service officers serving in aviation units, the color of the piping and gaps is blue.

Table 3. Distance from the bottom edge of the shoulder strap to the centers of the stars.

53. On the shoulder straps of officers of the engineering and technical service with higher education, medical service and justice, gold emblems are applied.
The emblems on the shoulder straps of officers of the naval engineering and veterinary services, as well as on the shoulder straps of officers who graduated from artillery schools, classes or academies, are silver.
The emblems are located on the longitudinal center line of the shoulder strap at a distance of 55 mm from its upper edge to the lower edge of the emblem.

54. Buttons on shoulder straps and items of uniform are metal, with the image of an anchor. The color of the buttons is the same as the color of the braid of the shoulder straps.

55. Distinctive insignia are sewn on the shoulder straps of admirals, generals and senior officers transferred to the reserve or into retirement (Fig. 114-117).
The distinctive sign on the shoulder straps of admirals, generals and senior officers transferred to the reserve is a strip of galloon 28 mm wide, sewn across the shoulder strap at its lower end. On the shoulder strap with braid made of gilded wire there is a strip of braid made of silver wire, on the shoulder strap with braid made of silver wire there is a strip of braid made of gilded wire.

56. The distinctive sign on the shoulder straps of admirals, generals and senior officers who have been dismissed is a strip of galloon 28 mm wide, sewn across the shoulder strap at its lower end. On the shoulder strap with braid made of gilded wire there is a strip of braid made of silver wire, on the shoulder strap with braid made of silver wire there is a strip of braid made of gilded wire.
The silver wire braid has a gold-colored zigzag, and the gilded wire braid has a silver-colored zigzag.
On the shoulder straps of admirals and generals, the zigzag is located across the entire width of the braid, and on the shoulder straps of senior officers - along the middle part of the braid.

Shoulder straps and shoulder straps of petty officers, sergeants, sailors, cabin boys, cadets and students of the NAVAL AND NAKHIMOV SCHOOLS.

57. Shoulder straps for overcoats, pea coats and tunics and shoulder straps for flannel shirts are made of black cloth, and shoulder straps for uniforms and work shirts are made of uniform-colored material. The color of shoulder straps and shoulder straps for naval aviation is blue.
According to the military rank, stripes made of metal braid or golden-colored silk braid are sewn on shoulder straps and shoulder straps in width: wide - 30 mm and narrow - 10 mm. Shoulder straps and shoulder straps of sailors and cabin boys without stripes.

58. The order of placement of stripes on shoulder straps is as follows:

A) for midshipmen - along the shoulder strap so that the longitudinal center line of the stripe is on the longitudinal center line of the shoulder strap, forming an edging of 2.5 mm at the upper edges of the shoulder strap;
b) for chief petty officers (senior sergeants) - across the shoulder strap at a distance of 40 mm from the upper corner of the shoulder strap to the upper edge of the patch;
c) for senior sailors, foremen of the 1st and 2nd articles (junior sergeants, sergeants) - across the shoulder strap at a distance of 40 mm from the top edge of the shoulder strap to the top edge of the first stripe. Subsequent stripes are located below the first with 2 mm gaps between them.

59. On the shoulder straps of senior sailors, petty officers of the 1st and 2nd articles (sergeants, junior sergeants), the stripes are located parallel to the lower edge of the shoulder strap at a distance of 8 mm from it to the lower edge of the first stripe. Subsequent stripes are located above the first with 2 mm gaps between them.

60. On the shoulder straps of senior officers (except for midshipmen) and enlisted personnel, as well as on the shoulder straps of sailors (except for senior officers) and cabin boys, letters are stenciled with yellow paint to indicate the fleet (flotilla), which includes the ship (unit) where the serviceman serves (Table 4).

Table 4. Letters painted on shoulder straps and shoulder straps.

61. The letters are painted so that the line on which they are located is 20 mm from the bottom edge of the shoulder strap, and 5 mm from the bottom edge of the shoulder strap. The height of the letters is 40 mm.

62. Shoulder straps for military personnel wearing the uniform established for enlisted personnel are sewn at the lower ends into the shoulder seams of the sleeves of overcoats and pea coats. The upper ends of the shoulder straps are fastened with a button sewn at the collar.

63. Shoulder straps and shoulder straps for cadets and students of naval schools are the same in color and material as for enlisted personnel. Metal anchors of a special design are placed on the shoulder straps and shoulder straps of all cadets. Anchor dimensions along the longitudinal center line: on shoulder straps - 60 mm, on shoulder straps - 43 mm.
The anchors are located along the center line of the shoulder straps and shoulder straps at a distance: on shoulder straps - 10 mm, on shoulder straps - 3.5 mm from the bottom edge.
The letters on cadets' shoulder straps and shoulder straps are not painted on.
64. On the shoulder straps and shoulder straps of students of the Nakhimov naval schools, the letter “N” is stenciled with yellow paint in a special design, and on the shoulder straps for the ceremonial flannel shirt, the letter “N” is embroidered with yellow silk.

65. The color of stripes and anchors on the shoulder straps and shoulder straps of cadets of naval schools graduating officers of the naval and naval engineering services, as well as cadets of the coastal artillery school is gold.

66. The color of the stripes and anchors on the shoulder straps and shoulder straps of other cadets is silver or gold, depending on the training profile.
The color of the buttons for the shoulder straps is the same as the color of the anchor.

67. Shoulder straps are edged on all sides except the bottom; shoulder straps are edged on all four sides with edging 2 mm wide. The shoulder straps for uniform and work shirts are not edged.

68. Colored edgings on shoulder straps and shoulder straps are installed:

A) white - for cadets of higher naval schools graduating officers of the naval and naval engineering services, as well as students of the Nakhimov naval schools;
b) red - for cadets of the Coastal Defense School and the Naval Medical School.

The edgings on the shoulder straps and shoulder straps of the remaining cadets are crimson or black, depending on their training profile.

69. Shoulder straps for sergeants and enlisted personnel of coastal units and aviation wearing naval uniforms are the same as for the corresponding branches of the Soviet Army. In this case, the shoulder straps on flannel shirts are edged on all sides with the same edging as the shoulder straps, and the letters on the shoulder straps and shoulder straps are superimposed in accordance with Table. 4.
Note. The shoulder straps of military personnel of naval units who have been assigned the general army uniform are set to the same as for the corresponding branches of the Soviet Army.
The letters on the shoulder straps are painted in accordance with the table. 4. Buttons on shoulder straps and uniform items are of a general army type.

SLEEVE BADGES OF DIFFERENCE FOR ADMIRALS AND OFFICERS OF THE SHIP AND NAVAL ENGINEERING SERVICES.

70. Sleeve insignia are gold-colored braid.
According to the assigned military rank, the number of braids is established:

Fleet Admiral - one wide and four medium;
- admiral - one wide and three medium;
- vice admiral - one wide and two medium;
- rear admiral - one wide and one medium;
- captain 1st rank - one wide;
- captain 2nd rank - four averages;
- captain 3rd rank - three averages;
- captain-lieutenant - two medium and one narrow;
- senior lieutenant - two middle ones;
- lieutenant - one medium and one narrow;
- junior lieutenant - one intermediate.

71. Braids are sewn only on jackets and dark blue jackets (except for cotton ones) on the outside of both sleeves parallel to their lower edges, 80 mm long (the length of braids on a front jacket is 100 mm).
The distance from the top line of the jacket cuff to the bottom edge of the bottom braid is 7 mm; The braid on the jacket is sewn in the same place as on the jacket.
The gaps between the braids are 5 mm. Narrow braids are sewn over wider ones. Width of galloons: wide - 30 mm, medium - 13 mm, narrow - 6 mm.

72. Five-pointed stars are sewn above the braid: for admirals - with a diameter of 50 mm, made of material in the color of the uniform, with a edging of gilded gimp in the center of the star, a crossed sickle and hammer are embroidered with gilded gimp, for officers - with a diameter of 30 mm, embroidered with gilded gimp. The stars are sewn with the point up at a distance of 30 mm from the top edge of the braid to the center of the star.

73. Sleeve insignia - braids are sewn directly onto sleeves or onto rectangular flaps, sewn from the same material as the piece of uniform; the valves, in turn, are sewn to the sleeves. The width of the flap is 80 mm, on the front jacket it is 100 mm.

SLEEVE CHEVRONS FOR EXTRA-TERM SERVICE.

74. Sleeve chevrons, which are gold-colored braids curved at an angle of 80°, are installed for petty officers, sergeants and sailors of long-term service. Sleeve chevrons are sewn on the left sleeve of overcoats, pea coats, tunics, jackets, flannel and uniform shirts with corners down, above the elbow at a distance of 30 mm from it and to the corner of the chevron, the rest up from the first, parallel to it, with gaps of 5 mm between the chevrons along a perpendicular line.

75. Chevrons are sewn onto flaps made of material in the color of the uniform, which in turn are sewn to the sleeve, as indicated above. The number of chevrons is established: for 15 years of long-term service and above - three; for 10 years of extended service and above - two; for 5 years of extended service and above - one. The width of the chevron braid is 13 mm, the distance between the ends of the chevrons (in solution) is 80 mm. The length of the sides of the chevrons is 60 mm.

SLEEVE BADGES BY SPECIALTY (STATES).

76. To distinguish foremen, sergeants and sailors by specialty, special sleeve insignia (staffs) are established, worn on the left sleeve of overcoats, pea coats, tunics, jackets, and flannel shirts. Sleeve insignia are sewn above the elbow at a distance of 30 mm from it, and when wearing sleeve chevrons for long-term service, above them.

77. The badge is a circle made of material in the color of the uniform, embroidered along the edge for midshipmen and chief petty officers (corresponding to them) with gold-colored silk; for the rest of the foremen, sergeants and sailors - with a red thread. In the middle of the circle there are images embroidered with red thread:

A) for helmsmen - the helm;
b) for navigator electricians - cards with a gyrocompass in the middle, from under which zigzag arrows emerge;
c) for rangefinders and sighters - a rangefinder;
d) for gunners of all types, machine gunners, gunsmiths, gunsmiths and mortarmen - two crossed gun bodies;
e) for artillery electricians of all types - the body of the gun, with zigzag arrows superimposed on it;
f) for meteorological service specialists - an anemometer;
g) for miners - mines bordered with minrep;
h) for torpedo gunners - gears with a horizontally located torpedo coming out from under it;
i) for torpedo and mine electricians - a vertically located torpedo, with zigzag arrows on the sides;
j) for radio operators of all types, hydroacoustics and radio equipment specialists - anchors with zigzag arrows superimposed on them;
k) for telegraph operators of all types, electricians-communicators, telephone operators and telephone and telegraph technicians - crossed zigzag arrows;
l) for signalmen - two crossed signal flags;
m) for personnel of the radio technical service - radio waves with crossed zigzag arrows emerging from under them;
o) for divers - a diving helmet;
o) for boiler room operators of all types - a valve flywheel with two crossed screws coming out from under it;
p) for bilge operators - a valve flywheel with crossed fire hose trunks superimposed on it;
c) for machinists of all types - a valve flywheel with a three-blade propeller superimposed on it;
r) for motorists of all types - gears with an electric motor in the middle;
y) for electricians of all types - a spotlight with a stand and crossed zigzag arrows emerging from under it;
t) for chemists - two crossed cylinders with hoses and a gas mask placed on them;
x) for boatswains - an anchor bordered by an anchor chain;
c) for musicians and buglers - lyres;
w) for storekeepers of all types, clerks and cooks - Admiralty anchors;
w) for orderlies and nurses - the Red Cross.
The diameter of the sign together with the edging is 60 mm, the width of the edging is 5 mm.

78. Petty officers, sergeants and sailors of other specialties not mentioned above do not wear sleeve insignia (states).

SLEEVE BADGES OF DIFFERENCE FOR CADETS AND STUDENTS OF NAVAL SCHOOLS BY COURSES OF TRAINING.

79. Sleeve insignia for courses of study - angles are gold (silver) colored braids, curved in the middle at an angle of 125°, sewn on the left sleeve of overcoats, pea coats, flannel and uniform shirts of cadets and students of naval schools.

80. The angles are sewn at an angle downwards, above the elbow, at a distance of 30 mm from it to the corner of the first angle, the rest upwards from the first, parallel to it, with gaps between the braids along a perpendicular line of 5 mm. The width of the braid is for cadets of basic schools - 13 mm (for students of Nakhimov schools - 6 mm). The length of the sides of the square is 30 mm.

The number of angles is set:

5th year cadets have five;
for 4th year cadets - four;
for 3rd year cadets and 10th grade students - three;
for 2nd year cadets and 9th grade students - two;
1st year cadets and 8th grade students have one.

81. Five-pointed stars embroidered with gold (silver) thread are sewn above the squares.
The stars are sewn at a distance of 40 mm from the corner of the upper square to the center of the star. Star diameter - 30 mm. Pupils of Nakhimov schools do not wear stars.

82. The angles are sewn onto flaps made of material in the color of the uniform, which in turn are sewn to the sleeves, as indicated above.

83. The color of the squares and the stars above them: for cadets of naval schools graduating officers of the naval, engineering and naval service, cadets of the coastal defense school - gold; for other cadets - silver or gold, depending on their training profile; for students of Nakhimov schools - made of red cloth.

SLEEVE BADGE OF THE MARINE CORPS.

84. The sleeve insignia of the Marine Corps personnel is an image of an Admiralty anchor intertwined with a rope, and is sewn on the left sleeve 30 mm above the elbow.

85. The badge is embroidered for the officers of the Marine Corps units with thread of the same color as the braid of the shoulder straps (gold or silver), for sergeants and enlisted personnel - with a thread of golden color (wearing stamped metal is allowed).

Main dimensions of the sign:

Height of anchor with rope - 60 mm;
anchor height with eye - 57 mm;
rod length - 26 mm;
the spacing between the toes of the paws is 28 mm;
length of the outer side of the sock - 10 mm;
the distance from the heel of the anchor to the end of the toe is 27 mm.

86. The badge is worn by all military personnel of the Marine Corps units on all items of uniform, except for work and inventory clothing issued for short-term use (sheepskin coats, raincoats, etc.).

SLEEVE INDICATORS FOR THE NUMBER OF WOUNDS.

87. The badge is a rectangle made of fabric in the color of the uniform, on which horizontal stripes of silk braid 5 mm wide and 43 mm long are sewn.

Each wound is indicated by a strip sewn onto a rectangle:

In case of severe injury - golden color;
- with a slight wound - dark red.

The strips are sewn from bottom to top in order of injury. The length of the rectangle corresponds to the length of the strips, and its width depends on the number of the latter. The gaps between the strips are 3 mm.
The badge is worn on the right sleeve of the upper items of naval uniform at a distance of 10 cm from the shoulder seam to the bottom stripe, and the stripes are located across the sleeve. On items of work and inventory workwear issued for short-term use, the number of wounds sign is not worn.
Note. On the general army uniform, the sign of the number of wounds is worn, as established for the Soviet Army.

CHAPTER VI. INSIGNIA OF DIFFERENCE ON HAT GEARS SEWING ON CAPS AND COLLARS OF CEREMODE JUKETS.

EMBLEM FOR OFFICER CAPS (HATS).

88. The emblem consists of a gilded (silver) metal anchor, intertwined with rope, superimposed on a convex pad of black velvet, bordered by a double ribbed metal rim of the same color as the anchor; a five-pointed metal star with rays covered with ruby-red enamel and a white circle in the middle, which depicts a crossed hammer and sickle of gold color; a wreath of ears of grain, embroidered with gold (silver) thread and tied at the bottom with a ribbon with red piping at the edges.

89. The emblem is mounted on black cloth so that the wreath frames the pad with the anchor, tightly fitting its inner edges to the outer edge of its rim, and the ends of the upper ears rest against the star, opposite its center, placed above the eye of the anchor and lying with its two lower rays on edge of the pad's rim.

Main dimensions of the emblem:

Height of anchor with rope - 22 mm;
the distance between the ends of the toes of the anchor arms is 15 mm;
outer diameter of the rim - 23 mm;
internal diameter of the rim - 17 mm;
star diameter - 24 mm;
height of the emblem with a star - 55 mm;
The maximum width of the emblem is 55 mm.

The color of the emblem is the same as the color of the shoulder straps. The color of the star rays of the emblem is always red. The emblem is worn on the caps and caps of admirals, generals, officers, midshipmen and foremen of long-term service.

90. On the band of the ceremonial cap of the fleet admiral is placed the emblem established for the officers, with the addition of two oak leaves made of gilded tinsel on both sides (the contours of oak leaves and veins are with sparkles). The total sewing length is 140mm (Fig. 238).

91. On the band of the ceremonial cap of admirals and generals is placed the emblem established for the officers, with the addition of two oak leaves of gilded (silver) gimp on both sides, veins of oak leaves with spangles, the total length of sewing is 110 mm (Fig. 239-240 ), On the band of the everyday cap is worn the usual emblem established for officers.

EMBLEM FOR THE CAPS (HATS) OF CHIEF STRATEGERS (SENIOR SERGEANTS) OF EXTRA-TERM SERVICE.

92. The emblem has an ellipsisal shape and consists of an anchor with a rope intertwining it and a five-pointed metal star, a set pattern, attached to the upper part of the emblem.
The anchor and elliptical edging are embroidered with gold thread on black cloth. The emblem can also be made of metal - stamped.
Main dimensions of the emblem:

The length of the major axis of the ellipse is 45 mm;
length of the minor axis of the ellipse - 39 mm;
edging width - 4 mm;
anchor height from the top edge of the eye to the heel - 28 mm;
distance between paws - 20 mm;
rod length - 21 mm;
spindle width - 3 mm;
rod width in the middle - 4 mm;
"" at the ends - 3 mm;
outer diameter of the eye - 6 mm;
rope width - 1 mm.

EMBLEM AND RIBBON ON THE HEADDRESS OF STRATEGERS (SERGEANTS) WEARING THE UNIFORM ESTABLISHED FOR THE ENERVED STAFF: SAILORS, JOINTS, CADETS AND NAVAL SCHOOLS.

94. The Guards Ribbon (Fig. 248) is a golden-orange silk rep ribbon with three longitudinal black stripes applied to it.
Tape width is 32.5 mm, length is 1520 mm. The width of the black stripes is 6 mm, the width of the orange gaps between them is 6.25 mm, the width of the edging is 1 mm.
The guards ribbon is laid along the band of the visor cap of petty officers, sergeants and conscript sailors of guards ships and units and secured at the rear seam, with the ends of the ribbon remaining free.
On the guards' ribbons, in the place at the front of the peakless cap, a corresponding inscription is applied in gold embossing, and on the free ends there are anchors.

95. Black ribbon (Fig. 249) silk rep, 1520 mm long and 32.5 mm wide. The tape is laid along the band of the peakless cap of petty officers, sergeants and sailors of conscript service of ships and units in the same way as the guards tape.
On the ribbons, in the place at the front of the peakless cap, a corresponding inscription is applied in gold embossing, and on the free ends there are anchors.

SEWING ON THE CAPS OF ADMIRALS AND GENERALS.

96. Sewing on the visor of the cap of the fleet admiral is an image of two oak branches with leaves and a cord, embroidered along the contour of the visor with gold-colored thread so that the lower edge of the cord runs at a distance of 5 mm from the outer edge of the visor, the ends of the lower leaves of the branches at a distance of 2 mm from the top edge of the cord, and the ends of the branches would converge at the middle transverse line of the visor, forming a gap of 5 mm.
Instead of a chin strap, a special cord braided from gilded truntal is attached to two small uniform buttons.

97. Sewing on the visors of the caps of admirals and generals is the same as for the admiral of the fleet.
Instead of a chin strap, a special cord braided from gilded (silver) truntal is attached.
The color of the sewing on the visors and the cord from the truntal is the color of the braid of the shoulder straps.
98. On the visors of the caps of senior officers of the naval and naval engineering services, a special ornament is applied, which is a convex image of oak leaves, their ends superimposed on each other and curved along the outer contour of the visor (Fig. 247).
The ornament consists of two links emerging from under the band of the cap and converging at their ends at the middle transverse line of the visor, with the end of the left link located slightly higher than the right.

99. A gilded metal ornament is applied along the outer edge of the cap visor at a distance of 5 mm from its edge and is fastened with soft metal pins that are riveted or bent on the underside of the visor.
Captains of the 1st rank and colonels, instead of a chin strap, wear the same truncal cord as admirals and generals. The color of the cord is the color of the braid of the shoulder strap.
Note. When going to sea, admirals and captains of the 1st rank are allowed to wear a black lacquered chin strap instead of a trumpet cord.

SEWING ON THE COLLARS OF PARENT JUKETS.

101. At the ends of the collar of the officers' ceremonial jackets, an anchor pattern of gilded (silver) tinsel and gilded (silver) gimp are embroidered with an oak leaf ornament (the anchor and ornament can be stamped metal).
The color of the sewing on the collar is the color of the shoulder straps (Fig. 251).

102. At the ends of the collar of the ceremonial jackets of midshipmen and foremen of long-term service, gold-colored anchors are applied in a pattern.

LIST OF CLOTHING UNIFORM FOR NAVY SERVICEMEN.

Notes:
1. The summer overcoat is worn out of order with clothing forms No. 3 and 4 at will, depending on the weather.

Table 6. Uniforms for officers.

Notes:
1. A summer coat is worn out of order with clothing forms No. 3 and 4 at will, depending on the weather and not when performing duties in the service of ship outfits and outfits for internal, garrison and guard services.
2. With dress uniforms No. 4, 5 and 6 in formation, a revolver (pistol) with equipment may be worn over the overcoat, upon special instructions.

Table 7. Uniforms for midshipmen and foremen of long-term service.

Notes:
1. For midshipmen and foremen of conscript service, the uniform is the same as for enlisted personnel.
2. With dress uniforms No. 4, 5 and 6 in formation, a revolver (pistol) with equipment may be worn over the overcoat, upon special instructions.

Table 8. Uniforms for chief petty officers and senior sergeants of long-term service.

Notes:
1. The dress uniform is the same as the everyday uniform for the formation, but with orders and medals.
2. For chief petty officers and senior sergeants of conscript service, the uniform is the same as for enlisted personnel.

Table 9. Uniforms for petty officers, sergeants, sailors, cabin boys, cadets and students of naval schools.

1. The ceremonial uniform is the same as the everyday uniform for the formation, but the uniform of the first term with orders and medals.
2. Cadets of naval educational institutions wear a broadsword when out of formation in all forms of clothing.

RULES FOR WEARING ORDERS, MEDALS, Ribbons, MEDAL Ribbons AND BADGE BADGES BY MILITARY SERVANTS OF THE NAVAL FORCES.

1. Wearing orders, medals, order ribbons, medal ribbons, as well as badges while wearing military uniform is mandatory.

2. Orders, medals, order ribbons, medal ribbons and badges are worn only on a jacket, tunic, flannel and uniform shirts.
On overcoats and pea coats, order ribbons, medal ribbons, as well as the guards badge are worn only at parades and reviews, each time by special order of fleet (flotilla) commanders, naval base commanders, senior naval commanders or garrison commanders. In these cases, it is obligatory to wear the “Gold Star” medals of the Hero of the Soviet Union and the “Hammer and Sickle” medals of the Hero of Socialist Labor on the overcoat (peacoat).

3. Orders and medals are worn at parades, inspection reviews and other special occasions:

A) admirals and generals - on ceremonial jackets;
b) officers, midshipmen (foremen) of long-term service - wearing a front jacket and a white jacket;
c) chief petty officers (senior sergeants) of long-term service - wearing a jacket and a white jacket;
d) sailors, cadets and petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for enlisted personnel - flannel and uniform shirts.

4. In everyday conditions, on a casual jacket, tunic, flannel and uniform shirts, instead of orders and medals, ribbons assigned to orders and medals are worn, the wearing of which is mandatory. Wearing ribbons of orders and medals not established by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR is prohibited.

5. Wearing the “Gold Star” medals of the Hero of the Soviet Union and the “Hammer and Sickle” medals of the Hero of Socialist Labor is mandatory on all items of uniform listed in the first paragraph of Art. 2 of these rules, in all cases.

6. Medals “Gold Star” of the Hero of the Soviet Union and “Hammer and Sickle” of the Hero of Socialist Labor are worn on the left side of the chest, above all orders, medals, order ribbons and medal ribbons and are attached to clothing using rectangular pads covered with ribbon.
When wearing two or more “Gold Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” medals, the latter are attached to clothing separately in one row, located in it from right to left in the order of time of award, with intervals of 10 mm between the lateral ends of the stars.

7. On the left side of the chest are worn:

The order of Lenin;
Order of the Red Banner;
Order of the Red Banner of Labor;
Order of the Badge of Honor;
Order of Glory, 1st degree;
Order of Glory, II degree;
Order of Glory III degree;
Medal of Honor";
Ushakov Medal;
Medal "For Military Merit";
Nakhimov Medal;
Anniversary medal "XX years of the Red Army";
Medal "For Labor Valor";
Medal "For Labor Distinction";
Medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War”, 1st degree;
Medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" II degree;
Medal "For the Defense of Leningrad";
Medal "For the Defense of Moscow";
Medal "For the Defense of Odessa";
Medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol";
Medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad";
Medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus";
Medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic";
Medal "For victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945";
Medal "For Victory over Japan";
Medal "For the Capture of Budapest";
Medal "For the Capture of Koenigsberg";
Medal "For the Capture of Vienna";
Medal "For the Capture of Berlin";
Medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade";
Medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw";
Medal "For the Liberation of Prague";
Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945";
Medal "For the restoration of iron and steel enterprises of the South";
Medal “For the restoration of Donbass coal mines”;
Medal “In Memory of the 800th Anniversary of Moscow”;
Jubilee medal "30 years of the Soviet Army and Navy."

All these orders and medals are attached to clothing using pentagonal pads covered with ribbons assigned to the corresponding orders and medals. When wearing two or more of the listed orders and medals, their blocks are connected in a row on a common bar.
Orders and medals that do not fit in one row across the width of the chest are transferred to the second row, placed below the first.
Orders and medals are arranged in a row from right to left, in the order indicated above. In this case, the second row serves as a continuation of the first, also counting from right to left.
When wearing two or more orders or medals of the same name and degree, these orders and medals are placed side by side, in order of time of award, from right to left.

8. On the right side of the chest are worn:

Order of Suvorov, 1st degree;
Order of Ushakov, 1st degree;
Order of Kutuzov, 1st degree;
Order of Nakhimov, 1st degree;
Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky, 1st degree;
Order of Suvorov, II degree;
Order of Ushakov, II degree;
Order of Kutuzov, II degree;
Order of Nakhimov, II degree;
Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, II degree;
Order of Suvorov, III degree;
Order of Kutuzov, III degree;
Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, III degree;
Order of Alexander Nevsky;
Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree;
Order of the Patriotic War, II degree;
Order of the Red Star.

All these orders are attached to clothing using screw-on pins with nuts, without pads or ribbons.
Orders that do not fit in one row across the chest width are transferred to the second row, located below the first. In this case, the orders are arranged in a row from left to right, in the order indicated above. In this case, the second row serves as a continuation of the first, also from left to right.
When wearing two or more orders of the same name and degree, these orders are placed side by side, in order of time of award from left to right.
9. Order ribbons and medal ribbons, when worn without orders and medals, are attached to clothing on the left side of the chest.
To attach to clothing, order ribbons and medal ribbons are stretched onto rectangular strips.
When wearing two or more order ribbons and medal ribbons, the ribbons are fixed on a common bar with intervals between each ribbon of 3 mm; to better highlight the ribbons, the intervals between them are painted over with black varnish or covered with a black silk ribbon.
Ribbons that do not fit on one strap across the chest width are transferred to a second strap attached to the clothing below the first strap.

Ribbons of orders and medals are located on the bars from right to left in the following order:

Order of Lenin;
Order of the Red Banner;
Order of Suvorov, 1st degree;
Order of Ushakov, 1st degree;
Order of Kutuzov, 1st degree;
Order of Nakhimov, 1st degree;
Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky, 1st degree;
Order of Suvorov, II degree;
Order of Ushakov, II degree;
Order of Kutuzov, II degree;
Order of Nakhimov, II degree;
Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, II degree;
Order of Suvorov, III degree;
Order of Kutuzov III degree;
Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, III degree;
Order of Alexander Nevsky;
Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree;
Order of the Patriotic War, II degree;
Order of the Red Banner of Labor;
Order of the Red Star;
Orders, “3 Badge of Honour”;
Order of Glory, 1st degree;
Order of Glory II degree;
Order of Glory III degree;
Medals "For Courage";
Ushakov medals;
Medals "For Military Merit";
Nakhimov medals;
Anniversary medal "XX years of the Red Army";
Medals "For Labor Valor";
Medals “For Labor Distinction”;
Medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War”, 1st degree;
Medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" II degree;
Medals “For the Defense of Leningrad”;
Medals “For the Defense of Moscow”;
Medals “For the Defense of Odessa”;
Medals “For the Defense of Sevastopol”;
Medals “For the Defense of Stalingrad”;
Medals “For the Defense of the Caucasus”;
Medals “For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic”;
Medals “For victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War in 1941-1945”;
Medals “For Victory over Japan”;
Medals “For the Capture of Budapest”;
Medals “For the Capture of Koenigsberg”;
Medals "For the Capture of Vienna";
Medals “For the Capture of Berlin”;
Medals “For the Liberation of Belgrade”;
Medals “For the Liberation of Warsaw”;
Medals “For the Liberation of Prague”;
Medals “For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945”;
Medals “For the restoration of iron and steel enterprises in the South”;
Medals “For the restoration of Donbass coal mines”;
Medals “In memory of the 800th anniversary of Moscow”;
Jubilee medal "30 years of the Soviet Army and Navy."

10. Breastplates (except for the deputy and Komsomol) in all cases are worn on the right side of the chest and are located below the orders.

11. Deputy badges are worn on the left side of the chest, above all orders and medals - above the middle one, and if there are medals "Gold Star" of the Hero of the Soviet Union and "Hammer and Sickle" of the Hero of Socialist Labor - to the right of them, on the same level with star of the medal.
The Komsomol breastplate is worn on the left side of the chest, 10 mm below orders and medals, under the middle one.
12. The honorary badge of the Stalin Prize laureate is worn on the right side of the chest above all orders.

The order of placement of orders, medals, order ribbons, medal ribbons and badges on items of uniform.

13. On the jacket (Fig. 252, 254):
a) the “Gold Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” medals are located on the left lapel, on a vertical line passing through the center of the buttons of the left row; if there are two or more medals - symmetrically relative to this line;
b) orders and medals worn on the left side of the chest are located in order of seniority from bottom to top along the lower edge of the left lapel so that no more than 1/3 of the ribbon-covered pad of each order and medal is visible from under it, and along the width of the chest - symmetrically relative to a line drawn through the center of the buttons of the left row; in the event that the orders do not fit in one row, the latter are located lower, parallel to the left lapel, so that the second row, with its upper edges of the pads, is 5-10 mm below the orders and medals of the first row;
c) orders worn on the right side of the chest are arranged in order of seniority from bottom to top parallel to the lower edge of the right lapel so that the centers of the orders lie at the same distance from the edge of the lapel as the centers of orders (medals) worn on the left side of the chest, and the middle order, and if there is an even number of orders - the gap between them - should be located along a vertical line passing through the middle of the right side of the chest;
d) the guards badge is located: in the absence of orders worn on the right side of the chest, in the place indicated for them, and in the presence of orders - on a vertical line passing through the middle of the right side of the chest, 10 mm below horizontal line, passing through the lower edge of the lower order;
e) the badge for persons who graduated from military academies and military faculties (departments) of civilian higher educational institutions of the USSR is located: if there is a guards badge, below it on the same vertical line with this badge; in the absence of a guards badge - in the place of this badge; if there are badges for graduating from two academies, the badges are placed side by side, with the badge for graduating from a higher military academy to the left;
f) the badge of the submarine commander and the aviation badge, if there are orders, a guards badge and a badge for graduating from the academy, are located below the latter, at a distance of 10 mm from the bottom edge, and if there is no badge for graduating from the academy, in its place;
g) other badges are located on a vertical line passing through the middle of the right side of the chest, at a distance of 5 mm from each other, and the first badge in the presence of orders, a guards badge, a badge for graduating from an academy or a badge of a submarine commander (aviation) is located below the last , at a distance of 10 mm from its lower edge, and in the absence of such - the upper mark at the level of the top button;
h) the bar with ribbons of orders and medals is located parallel to the upper edge of the pocket, at a distance of 5 mm from it and symmetrically relative to its center. If there are two or more strips with ribbons of orders and medals, the latter are located parallel to each other and at a distance of 2 mm from one another.

14. On the jacket (Fig. 253, 255):
a) the “Gold Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” medals are located: across the width of the chest - on a line passing through the center of the button of the left shoulder strap and the toe of the left pocket flap;
along the chest height - so that the upper end of the star of the medal is at the level of the center of the top button;

B) orders and medals worn on the left side of the chest are located: across the width of the chest - symmetrically relative to the line passing through the center of the button of the left shoulder strap and the toe of the left pocket flap;
along the chest height - with the upper edge of the pads along a horizontal line passing through the middle of the distance between the first and second buttons from the top;

C) orders worn on the right side of the chest are located: across the width of the chest - symmetrically relative to a line drawn through the center of the button of the right shoulder strap and the toe of the right pocket flap;
along the chest height - the lower edge of the order is 5 mm above the valve of the right pocket;

D) guards breastplate - in the absence of orders worn on the right side of the chest, it is attached in the place indicated for them, and in the presence of orders - 10 mm below the toe of the right pocket flap;

E) the badge for persons who graduated from military academies and military faculties (departments) of civilian higher educational institutions of the USSR is located: if there is a guards badge, below it on the same vertical line with this badge; in the absence of a guards badge - in the place of this badge; if there are badges for graduating from two academies, they are placed side by side, and the badge for graduating from a higher military academy is to the left;

E) the badge of a submarine commander or an aviation badge, regardless of the presence of orders worn on the right side of the chest, the guards badge and the badge for graduating from the academy - is always located in the center of the valve of the right pocket;

G) other badges are located on a vertical line passing through the center of the button of the right shoulder strap and the toe of the right pocket flap, at a distance of 5 mm from each other, from top to bottom, and the upper edge of the top badge is located 10 mm below the toe of the pocket, and in the presence of orders , guards badge and badge for graduating from the academy - 10 mm below it;

H) ribbons of orders and medals, in cases where they are worn without orders and medals, are located:
across the width of the chest - symmetrically relative to a line drawn through the center of the button of the left shoulder strap and the toe of the left pocket flap;
along the chest height - the lower edge of the bar with ribbons of orders and medals is 5 mm above the pocket flap, and when wearing the bars in two rows - the bottom row is located as indicated above, and the top is 5 mm higher than the bottom.

15. On a white tunic - orders, medals, order ribbons, medal ribbons and breastplates are located in the same way as on a dark blue tunic.

16. On flannel and uniform shirts (Fig. 256, 257):
a) the “Gold Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” medals are located: across the width of the chest - on a vertical line passing through the middle of the left side of the chest; along the chest height - 5 mm above the upper edge of the block of orders and medals;

B) orders and medals worn on the left side of the chest are located:

Chest width - symmetrically relative to a vertical line drawn through the middle of the left side of the chest; along the chest height - so that the upper edges of the orders are at the level of the lower corner of the collar neckline;

C) orders worn on the right side of the chest are located: across the width of the chest - symmetrically relative to a vertical line drawn through the middle of the right side of the chest; along the chest height - so that the upper edges of the orders are at the level of the lower corner of the collar neckline;

D) the guards breastplate is located: in the absence of orders worn on the right side of the chest, in their place, and in the presence of orders - 10 mm below the middle of them;

D) other badges are located on the right side of the chest on a vertical line drawn through the middle of the right side of the chest, and the first badge, in the absence of orders and the guards badge, is attached below the place of the guards badge at a distance of 10 mm from it, and the rest - downwards from it at a distance 5 mm apart. If there are orders or a guards badge, 10 mm below their lower edge;

E) order ribbons and medal ribbons for wearing them without orders and medals - are located:
across the width of the chest - symmetrically relative to a vertical line drawn through the middle of the left side of the chest;
along the chest height - the upper edge of the bar with ribbons of orders and medals is at the level of the lower corner of the collar cutout, and when wearing the bars in two rows, the bottom row is located as indicated above, and the top row is 5 mm higher than the bottom.
The “Gold Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” medals in this case are located:

Along the width of the chest - on a vertical line drawn through the middle of the left side of the chest;
along the chest height - the lower ends of the medals are 5 mm above the upper edge of the ribbons.

17. On the officer’s overcoat (Fig. 258):
a) the “Gold Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” medals are located: along the width of the chest - on a vertical line drawn in the middle between the midline of the chest and the line of buttons;
along the chest height - the upper edge of the pads at the level of the corner of the collar;
b) order ribbons and medal ribbons are located:
across the width of the chest - symmetrically relative to a vertical line drawn in the middle between the midline of the chest and the line of buttons;
along the chest height - on the midline between the second and third buttons from the top; the second row of tapes is placed 5 mm below the first;

across the width of the chest - at a distance of 10 mm from the edge of the left side of the overcoat;
Chest height - on the midline between the second and third buttons from the top.

18. On the overcoat of ordinary personnel (Fig. 259):
a) the medals “Gold Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” are located: across the chest - on a line drawn through the center of the button of the left shoulder strap; along the chest height - the upper edge of the pads at the level of the corner of the collar;
b) order ribbons and medal ribbons are located: across the width of the chest - symmetrically relative to a vertical line drawn through the center of the button of the left shoulder strap;
along the chest height - at the level of the lower edge of the second button from the top;
c) the guards badge is located:
across the width of the chest - at a distance of 15 mm from the edge of the left side of the overcoat.
along the chest height - at the level of the lower edge of the second button from the top.

19. On a peacoat:
The “Gold Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” medals, order ribbons, medal ribbons and the Guards breastplate are located in the same way as on the officer’s overcoat.

20. The wearing of orders, medals, order ribbons, medal ribbons and badges by military women is carried out in relation to men's uniforms.

Wearing foreign orders and medals.

21. Foreign orders and medals worn on ribbons are worn on the left side of the chest, below all orders and medals of the USSR worn on blocks. Foreign orders and medals are worn separately on a ribbon assigned to the corresponding order or medal.

22. Foreign orders and medals, worn without ribbons, are worn on the right side of the chest, below all orders of the USSR, worn without blocks; in this case, the guards badge and other signs are worn below the foreign order (medal). Order ribbons of foreign orders worn around the neck and over the shoulder should not cover the orders and medals of the USSR.

23. Order ribbons and medal ribbons for wearing them without orders in everyday dress are worn on the left side of the chest, on a separate bar below all ribbons of orders and medals of the USSR.

Notes:
1. On items of general army uniform, orders, medals, order ribbons, medal ribbons and badges are worn in accordance with the rules established for military personnel of the Soviet Army.
2. Orders, medals and ribbons of orders and medals on civilian dress are worn at will.
3. Military badges are not allowed to be worn on civilian dress.

APPLICATIONS.

Appendix 1. CARRYING WEAPONS WHILE IN UNIFORM.

1. The revolver (pistol) is worn on equipment of the established type.
Revolver (pistol) equipment is worn:
a) with an overcoat and pea coat - over them;
b) with a jacket - under it;
c) with flannel and uniform shirts - over the trouser belt.
The revolver (pistol) equipment is worn so that the holster is on the right thigh slightly behind the pocket slot.
The handle of the revolver (pistol) should point backwards. A cord is fastened to the ring of the handle of a revolver (pistol) using a carabiner, the second end of which is grabbed by a strap with a buckle onto the waist belt slightly in front of the right pocket.
The waist belt is worn so that its buckle is strictly in the middle of the vertical line of the body and is located between the fifth and sixth buttons of a double-breasted overcoat or pea coat.
The free end of the waist belt, as it exits the buckle, is located to the left and is supported by two special movable belt loops.

Dirk (Fig. 260, 261).

2. The dirk is a weapon assigned to admirals, generals and officers of the Naval Forces, as well as midshipmen (petty officers) of long-term service wearing naval uniforms.
The dirk is worn on the left side of the sword belt, lowered on the beads, in full dress uniform and when performing duty and watch duties in accordance with the Naval Naval Regulations.
The pacifiers should be adjusted so that the cutlass with its lower end is lowered down and makes an angle of 135° with the short front pacifier.
Note. The cords for the daggers of admirals and generals are made of gilded (silver) tinsel.

3. When performing duty and watch duties, the dagger is also worn over the overcoat. In this case, the sword belt is put on between the fifth and sixth buttons of the overcoat.

4. In all cases, if it is necessary to remove the dagger, it is removed along with the sword belt. Wearing one sword belt without a dirk is prohibited.

5. The broadsword is a personal weapon assigned to be worn by graduate students of higher naval schools that train officers of the naval and naval engineering services.

Carrying a broadsword is mandatory outside the territories of schools, both on and off duty.
6. The broadsword is not worn in the following cases:
a) in a building on the territory of schools, with the exception of persons on internal duty who are required to do so (orderlies, duty officers, etc.), and special cases declared by the command of the school;
b) when performing guard duty;
c) during summer internship on ships and in units of the Naval Forces;
d) when carrying a firearm;
e) with work uniform and a pea coat.

7. The broadsword is worn on an appropriate strap, put on the waist belt on the left, slightly behind the slot of the left pocket. With an overcoat, the broadsword is worn over it, with flannel and uniform shirts - along the trouser sash on top of the flap.
In all cases, when removing a broadsword from the waist belt, its equipment is also removed.

Appendix 2. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF UNIFORMS.

The overcoat is double-breasted with a cut-off length on the chest and has 6 loops and 6 large metal shaped buttons on each side.
The floors have side darts, two side welt pockets with flaps.
Overcoat lined to the bottom for admirals, generals, captains of the 1st rank and their corresponding ones and to the waist for other officers and petty officers (sergeants).
The back is solid with a counter embroidered lobar fold in the middle. The lobar fold is fastened with transverse stitches along the waist and at the top at a distance of 10 cm from the collar insert.
A tab is fastened at the back of the waist with two large shaped buttons sewn on posts. At the bottom in the middle of the back there is a slit (slot), on the right side of which three shaped small buttons are sewn.
Turn-down collar fastened with a metal hook and loop. The sleeves are two-seam, ending in cuffs.
The length of the slot cut is 44-46.5 cm, depending on height.
The distance from the bottom of the overcoat to the floor should be 35-36 cm.
The overcoat is sewn from black and marengo fabric.

Summer overcoat (for admirals and generals).

The summer overcoat is double-breasted, sewn from black fabric, lined, with six buttons on the side, of the same cut as indicated above.

Summer coat.

The summer double-breasted coat is fastened with 4 large uniform buttons when fastened to the top and with 3 when the lapels are open.
The floors have top, front and side darts and two welt pockets with flaps.
Turn-down collar with hook and loop fastening. The back is one-piece with a counter embroidered fold in the middle, fastened at the top and at the waist line with two through stitches.
On both sides of the opposite fold, one tuck is made, fastened towards the side seam at the waist line with a rectangular stitch.
Half-strips are sewn into the side seams, the right one has two loops, the left one has two buttons, sewn at the level of the tucks.
At the bottom in the middle of the back there is a slit (slot), on the right side of which three small shaped buttons are sewn.
The two-seam sleeves end with stitched cuffs. The coat is sewn from black fabrics.

Jacket.

Double-breasted jacket with open lapels has:
- for admirals and generals 5 loops (4 on the side and one on the lapel);
- for officers and petty officers (sergeants) 4 loops (3 on the side and one on the lapel).
The number of metal shaped buttons corresponds to the number of side loops. The shelves have two side welt pockets with flaps and one chest pocket on the left shelf, sealed with a leaf. Open turn-down collar.
The sleeves are two-seam without cuffs, with two medium shaped buttons on each upper half at the bottom near the elbow seam.
Back with a seam in the middle. The length of the jacket along the back from the sewing of the collar to the bottom should be 67 cm in the first height, and 2 cm longer in each subsequent height than in the previous one.
The jacket is sewn from woolen fabrics in black or white (the latter only for admirals and generals).

The jacket is dark blue.

The single-breasted jacket is made of dark blue fabric, lined, has 5 through loops on the left side, and 5 large uniform buttons on the right side.
The back is one-piece (without a seam), adjacent at the waist. Stand-up collar fastened with two hooks. The sleeves are two-seam, with straight cuffs. On the sides of the jacket there are two transverse welt pockets with flaps, and on the chest line there are two patch pockets with flaps. There are two medium metal buttons on the cuffs of the sleeves.
The length of the jacket along the back from the sewing of the collar to the bottom should be 67 cm in the first height, and 2 cm longer in each subsequent height than in the previous one.

The jacket is white.

The single-breasted jacket is sewn from white fabrics, without lining, has 5 through loops on the left side, and on the right side in the places corresponding to the loops there are 5 holes with uniform buttons fixed in them on metal rings.
Stand-up collar fastened with two metal hooks. The back is solid in the middle, the sleeves are two-seam with cuffs. Chest pockets, patch pockets, without flaps. Buttons on the cuffs of the sleeves are not sewn on. The length is the same as the dark blue jacket.

The trousers consist of two front and two back halves, a belt and two longitudinal pockets. The front halves have two folds. The trousers are fastened with side buckles, have 4 belt loops on the outside (two front ones are wide and two back ones are narrow), and 6 buttons on the inside.
On the admirals' black dress trousers, stripes made of gilded galloon with a black gap are sewn. The width of the braid is 40 mm, the width of the lumen is 4 mm.
On black dress and casual trousers of generals, colored edgings 2.5 mm wide are sewn into the side seams and colored stripes 25 mm wide are sewn on both sides at a distance of 5 mm from the edging. The color of the edgings and stripes is the same as the color of the edging (piping) of the shoulder strap.
The trousers are made of wool or cotton fabric in black and white.
The width of trousers in shorts is from 29.5 to 31.5 cm, depending on height.

The cap is black.

The cap consists of an ellipse-shaped bottom, four (of the same size) arched quarters, a rectangular solid band, a black lacquered visor, a set pattern and a chin strap attached to the band with two small metal shaped buttons.
On the caps of admirals, generals, captains of the 1st rank and those corresponding to them, instead of a chin strap, a cord of gold or silver color is worn instead of a chinstrap.
The cap has three edgings: one is made of white cut cloth sewn into the seam connecting the bottom with the quarters, the second is made of white cut cloth sewn into the seam connecting the quarters to the band, and the third is a tucked (false) edging made of the main material running along the bottom of the band. to support the grosgrain silk ribbon laid on the band.
The front of the cap is raised. The installed emblem is fixed on the band above the middle of the visor.
The cap is sewn from black fabrics.

The cap is white.

The cap consists of a band, sewn from black fabric, covered with a black grosgrain ribbon, with a lining of the bottom and quarters sewn to it. The cap is covered with a cover made of white cotton fabric.
The cover consists of an oval-shaped bottom and four (of the same size) arched quarters, connected at the bottom with an adjustment seam.

A cap.

The hat with a leather top is sewn from black astrakhan fur, merlushka or tsigeyka, has a visor, a back cover and earmuffs with ribbons for tying. The inside of the hat has a cotton stitched lining.
An emblem is attached to the front of the cap in the middle of the visor.

Boots are chevron or chrome, black, with laces or elastic bands.
White low shoes are sewn from thick white cotton fabric.

Gloves.

Dress gloves - suede (leather) or white cotton.
Everyday gloves - leather, wool or cotton in black or steel color.

DESCRIPTION OF ITEMS OF UNIFORMS FOR STRATEGERS (SERGEANTS) WEARING THE UNIFORMS ESTABLISHED FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STAFF, SAILORS, JOINTS, CADETS AND NAVAL SCHOOLS.

The overcoat is single-breasted, black, has 5 large uniform buttons on the left side, sewn or attached through the holes with rings or cord, and fastens with 5 metal hooks and loops. Side and longitudinal pockets, sealed with leaves.
The back is one-piece with a counter embroidered fold in the middle of the back.
On the back, along the waist line, a strap is fastened with two large buttons, sewn on posts made of the main fabric. At the bottom, in the middle of the back, there is a slot.
Double-seam sleeves with cuffs.
The distance from the edge of the overcoat to the floor should be 35 cm.

The pea coat is double-breasted, black, has 6 through loops and 6 large buttons on each side.
Turn-down collar. On the sides, the pea coat has transverse side pockets without flaps. Double-seam sleeves with cuffs.
The back has a seam in the middle, slightly adjacent to the waist. The length of the peacoat along the back from the sewing of the collar to the bottom should be 67.5 cm in the first height, and 2 cm longer in each subsequent height than in the previous one.
The peacoat is sewn with a warm lining.

Flannel shirt.

A flannel shirt is sewn from cloth or cotton corduroy and consists of a one-piece front and back.
Large turn-down collar without lining.
The sleeves are single-seam with cuffs fastened with two loops and two small uniform buttons.

Work shirt.

The shirt is sewn from linen and cotton fabrics and consists of a one-piece front and back. The collar is flexible and can be fastened with two loops and two buttons. The sleeves are straight and low with a hem seam. There is a patch pocket on the left side of the chest. The bottom of the shirt is closed with a hem seam.

Uniform shirt.

The uniform shirt is sewn from bleached linen and cotton fabrics with a blue collar and cuffs that have 3 white stripes: at the collar along the outer edges, and at the cuffs along the inner edge. The cuffs are fastened with one white bone button.

The trousers consist of two front and two back halves, a belt and two longitudinal side pockets made of gray calico.
The trousers are worn with a belt, the free ends of which are fastened with two buttons. The trousers have a folding lapel, which is fastened on each side with two buttons. The length of the trousers from the floor is 3-4 cm, the width of the trousers in the low heels (except for trousers for Nakhimovites) is set:
1 and 2 height - 30 - 30.5 cm
3 and 4 height - 31 - 31.5 cm
5 and 6 height - 32 - 32.5 cm
Trousers are made of black cloth and white cotton fabric, and work trousers are made of cotton fabric.

Marine sweatshirt - vest.

Marine sweatshirt - vest - underwear knitted shirt made of jersey with alternating white and blue stripes of the same width (10 mm) consists of a whole knitted waist or sewn on the sides, sleeves and gussets.

Cap and hat.

The cap consists of an ellipse-shaped bottom, four (of the same size) arched quarters, and a rectangular solid band.
The cap has three edges, just like the officers' cap.
The front of the cap is raised. A red five-pointed star of the established pattern is attached to the front of the cap above the band.
A black silk rep or guards ribbon is laid along the band of the cap (peakless cap), secured at the back seam, with the ends remaining free. On the ribbon, in the place at the front of the cap, a corresponding inscription is stamped in gold, and on the free ends there is a drawing of an anchor.
Cotton summer cap, cut like a cloth cap, band made of black fabric.
A white cover is put on top of the cap.
The cap for petty officers and non-commissioned officers of long-term service, both winter and summer, is the same as for naval officers.
A hat made of black instrument cloth, with a back plate, a visor and earmuffs made of black fur - tsigeika. There are ribbons sewn on the ends of the headphones for tying.
The inside of the hat is lined with cotton wool. A star of the established pattern is attached to the middle of the cap's visor.

Boots.

The boots are chrome or cowhide, black, with a screw fastening method at the bottom.

Waist belt with plaque.

The waist belt is made of black glossy leather. Belt length - 1050 mm, width - 45 mm, thickness - 2.5 mm.
The belt has at one end a brass plaque with a stamped, vertically located anchor and a star on top of the anchor spindle, and at the other end there is a sewn-in metal eyelet, used to fasten the belt to the plaque.

On August 19, Russia celebrates the birthday of the Russian vest. It was on this day in 1874, on the initiative of Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich Romanov, that Emperor Alexander II signed a decree introducing a new uniform, by which the vest (a special “underwear” shirt) was introduced as part of the mandatory uniform of the Russian sailor.

Mine professional holiday workers of the sea and river fleet annually on the first Sunday of July.

How the vest used to look, what the stripes are like and what their color means, see the infographic.

The vest appeared during the heyday of the sailing fleet in Brittany (France), presumably in the 17th century.

The vests had a boat neckline and three-quarter sleeves and were white with dark blue stripes. In Europe at that time, striped clothes were worn by social outcasts and professional executioners. But for Breton sailors, according to one version, a vest was considered lucky clothing for sea voyages.

In Russia, the tradition of wearing vests began to take shape, according to some sources, in 1862, according to others, in 1866. Instead of narrow jackets with uncomfortable stand-up collars, Russian sailors began to wear comfortable flannel Dutch shirts with a cutout on the chest. An undershirt was worn under the shirt - a vest.

At first, vests were issued only to participants of long-distance hikes and were a source of special pride. As one of the reports of that time says: “lower ranks... mainly wore them on Sundays and holidays when going ashore... and in all cases when it was necessary to be smartly dressed...”. The vest was finally established as part of the uniform by an order signed on August 19, 1874 by Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich. This day can be considered the birthday of the Russian vest.

The vest has a great advantage over other underwear shirts. Fitted tightly to the body, it does not interfere with free movement during work, retains heat well, is convenient to wash, and dries quickly in the wind.

This type of light sea clothing has not lost its importance today, although sailors now rarely have to climb the shrouds. Over time, the vest came into use in other branches of the military, although in few places it is an official part of the uniform. However, this item of clothing is used both in the ground forces and even in the police.

Why is the vest striped and what does the color of the stripes mean?

The blue and white transverse stripes of the vests corresponded to the colors of the Russian naval St. Andrew's flag. In addition, sailors dressed in such shirts were clearly visible from the deck against the background of the sky, sea and sails.

The tradition of making stripes multi-colored was strengthened in the 19th century - the color determined whether a sailor belonged to a particular flotilla. After the collapse of the USSR, the colors of the vest stripes were “distributed” among the various branches of the military.

What does the color of the stripes on the vest mean:

Black: submarine forces and marines;
cornflower blue: presidential regiment and FSB special forces;
light green: border troops;
light blue: Airborne Forces;
maroon: Ministry of Internal Affairs;
orange: Ministry of Emergency Situations.

What is guy?

In the navy, a guy is called a collar that is tied over the uniform. The real meaning of the word "geus" (from the Dutch geus - "flag") is a naval flag. The flag is raised daily on the bow of ships of the 1st and 2nd ranks during anchorage from 8 a.m. to sunset.

The history of the appearance of the guy is quite prosaic. In the Middle Ages in Europe, men wore long hair or wigs, and sailors wore their hair in ponytails and braids. To protect against lice, hair was smeared with tar. To prevent tar from staining their clothes, the sailors covered their shoulders and back with a protective leather collar, which could be easily wiped clean from dirt.

Over time, the leather collar was replaced with a fabric one. Long hairstyles are a thing of the past, but the tradition of wearing a collar remains. In addition, after the abolition of wigs, a square cloth collar was used for insulation - in cold windy weather it was tucked under clothes.

Why are there three stripes on the butt?

There are several versions of the origin of the three stripes on the butt. According to one of them, three stripes symbolize three major victories of the Russian fleet:

At Gangut in 1714;
at Chesma in 1770;
at Sinop in 1853.

It should be noted that sailors from other countries also have stripes on their butts, the origin of which is explained in a similar way. Most likely, this repetition occurred as a result of borrowing the form and legend. It is not known for certain who first invented stripes.

According to another legend, the founder of the Russian fleet, Peter I, had three squadrons. The first squadron had one white stripe on its collars. The second has two stripes, and the third, especially close to Peter, has three stripes. Thus, the three stripes began to mean that the naval guard was especially close to Peter.

Sailors of all generations of the Russian fleet have always been partial to the vest and called it the soul of the sea. Among sailors, a knitted shirt with transverse white and blue stripes, commonly called a vest, is a particularly favorite garment. The vest got its name due to the fact that it is worn on a naked body. What did the vest look like before, what are the stripes and what does their color mean?

History of the vest The vest appeared during the heyday of the sailing fleet in Brittany (France), presumably in the 17th century. The vests had a boat neckline and three-quarter sleeves and were white with dark blue stripes. In Europe at that time, striped clothes were worn by social outcasts and professional executioners. But for Breton sailors, according to one version, the vest was considered lucky clothing during sea voyages. In Russia, the tradition of wearing vests began to take shape, according to some sources, in 1862, according to others - since 1866. Instead of narrow jackets with uncomfortable stand-up collars, Russian sailors began to wear comfortable flannel Dutch shirts with a cutout on the chest. An undershirt was worn under the shirt - a vest. At first, vests were issued only to participants in long hikes and were a source of special pride. As one of the reports of that time says: “lower ranks... mainly wore them on Sundays and holidays when going ashore... and in all cases when it was necessary to be smartly dressed...”. The vest was finally established as part of the uniform by an order signed on August 19, 1874 by Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich. This day can be considered the birthday of the Russian vest. The vest has a great advantage over other underwear shirts. Fitting the body tightly, it does not interfere with free movement during work, retains heat well, is convenient to wash, and dries quickly in the wind. This type of light marine clothing has not lost its importance today, although sailors now rarely have to climb the shrouds. Over time, the vest came into use in other branches of the military, although in few places it is an official part of the uniform. However, this item of clothing is used both by the ground forces and even by the police. Why is the vest striped and what does the color of the stripes mean? The blue and white transverse stripes of the vests corresponded to the colors of the Russian naval St. Andrew's flag. In addition, sailors dressed in such shirts were clearly visible from the deck against the background of the sky, sea and sails. The tradition of making multi-colored stripes became stronger in the 19th century - the color determined whether a sailor belonged to a particular flotilla. After the collapse of the USSR, the colors of the stripes of the vests were “distributed” among various branches of the military. What does the color of the stripes on the vest mean: black: submarine forces and marines; cornflower blue: presidential regiment and FSB special forces; light green: border troops; light blue: airborne forces ;maroon: Ministry of Internal Affairs; orange: Ministry of Emergency Situations. What is a guy? In the navy, a guy is called a collar that is tied over the uniform. The real meaning of the word "geus" (from the Dutch geus - "flag") is a naval flag. The flag is raised daily on the bow of ships of the 1st and 2nd ranks during anchorage from 8 a.m. until sunset. The history of the appearance of the huys is quite prosaic. In the Middle Ages in Europe, men wore long hair or wigs, sailors braided their hair in ponytails and braids. To protect against lice, hair was smeared with tar. To prevent tar from staining their clothes, the sailors covered their shoulders and back with a protective leather collar-guys, which could be easily wiped off from dirt. Over time, the leather collar was replaced with a fabric one. Long hairstyles are a thing of the past, but the tradition of wearing a collar remains. In addition, after the abolition of wigs, a square cloth collar was used for insulation - in cold windy weather it was tucked under clothes. Why are there three stripes on the guy? There are several versions of the origin of the three stripes on the guy. According to one of them, three stripes symbolize three major victories of the Russian fleet: at Gangut in 1714; at Chesma in 1770; at Sinop in 1853. It should be noted that sailors from other countries also have stripes on their heads, origin which can be explained in a similar way. Most likely, this repetition occurred as a result of borrowing the form and legend. It is not known for certain who first invented stripes. According to another legend, the founder of the Russian fleet, Peter I, had three squadrons. The first squadron had one white stripe on its collars. The second has two stripes, and the third, especially close to Peter, has three stripes. Thus, the three stripes began to mean that the naval guard was especially close to Peter. (With)

Currently, flannel uniform shirts, which are used to support the modern fleet, are blue, and summer cotton uniforms are white (with a blue jacket edged with three white stripes).

The uniform collar is part of the ceremonial uniform of enlisted personnel of the Navy and is worn with a flannel or uniform.

How did guy appear?

The decoration of the naval suit shirt is a large blue collar with three white stripes along the edge. The history of its origin is very interesting. In the old days, sailors were required to wear powdered wigs and oiled horsehair braids. The braids stained the robe, and the sailors were punished for it, so they came up with the idea of ​​hanging a piece of leather under the braid. Braids are no longer worn in the Navy, and the leather flap has turned into a blue collar, reminding us of the old days.

There is another version: the hood with which sailors protected themselves from splashes was transformed into a sailor’s collar.

A uniform collar is also called a collar.

Literary version

...It was a dark night... Our young cabin boy, after his rescue on the water, could not sleep. Jumping out onto the deck, he saw the boatswain smoking his pipe in the stern.

Well, young man, can’t sleep? It’s been a long time since there was a command “All clear”?; The boatswain looked at him questioningly.

No, I can’t sleep!; answered the cabin boy.

I would like to thank you for saving me!; the cabin boy blurted out warmly and gratefully. You pulled me out of this sea!

I didn’t pull you out of the sea, but from the other world!; answered the old sailor.

By the way, why are you not dressed in uniform? Where is your guy?

Hanging his head, our cabin boy found himself:

I washed it right away!

After a while, he came running back, carrying his dick in his arms.

Well, that's commendable! Do you know what this is?; asked the boatswain.

I just heard that this is a collar... But still, what is this, comrade boatswain?

He chuckled contentedly and invited the cabin boy into his cabin.

Well, sit back and listen!

Young turned all out loud.

Here's what the boatswain said:

There are several stories and legends about the appearance of 3 stripes on sailors’ legs, or as you put it – collars.

At first, in the distant past, on ships, these were indeed collars that were used to protect the backs of rowers from the scorching rays of the Sun and splashes.

The collar also, much later, first appeared as a lining under the hair, protecting the uniform from “powder” falling off the wig, in foreign navies.

After the abolition of wigs, a square cloth collar was used for insulation - in cold windy weather it was tucked under the visor and replaced the cap.

Another legend tells that these three stripes appeared with the appearance of three squadrons under Peter I. It was in honor of these squadrons that three stripes appeared on the guy.

Also, there was a story about three victories of our Fleet, in honor of the three stripes on modern jacks - at Gangut in 1714, Chesma in 1770 and Sinop in 1853.

That is, these victories really took place, but they relate to stripes as a method of patriotic education.

However, guy is, first of all, a FLAG, my friend!

From Dutch, “guys” is a naval flag, as well as the flag of coastal fortresses. It is raised daily at the bow (on the flagpole on the bowsprit) of ships of the 1st and 2nd ranks, exclusively during anchorage, along with the stern flag, usually from 8 a.m. to sunset.”

Historical version

The collar was first introduced in the Russian Navy in 1843.

The origin of the collar is very. In those days, sailors wore wigs and oiled horsehair braids. Braids stained clothes, and sailors were punished for this, so they came up with the idea of ​​​​wearing a leather flap under the braid. Braids have not been worn in the navy for a long time, and the leather flap has turned into a blue collar. There is another version: to protect against sea spray and wind, sailors wore a hood, which later transformed into a collar.

The uniform collar is made of dark blue cotton fabric, with three white stripes along the edges. Blue lining. At the ends of the collar there is one loop, in the middle of the neckline there is a button for fastening the collar to the uniform and working naval jacket.

Starting with Peter I

Peter I had three squadrons in his fleet. The first squadron had one white stripe on its collars. The second has two stripes, and the third, who is especially close to Peter, has three stripes. Thus, the three stripes began to mean that the naval guard was especially close to Peter. At the same time, the first squadron wore white flannel uniform shirts, the second squadron had blue shirts, and the third - red.

First the guard

In 1881, three white stripes were introduced on the collars for sailors of the Guards Fleet Crew. And the next year, 1882, this collar was extended to the entire fleet.

The stripes on it signified organizational affiliation. The Russian Baltic Fleet at that time was divided into three divisions. At the same time, the sailors of the first division wore one white stripe on the collar, the sailors of the second division - respectively, two stripes, and the sailors of the third - three.

Fleet victories have nothing to do with it

It is widely believed that they were introduced in memory of three victories of the Russian fleet:

• at Gangut in 1714;
• Chesmy in 1770;
• Sinope in 1853.

But it turns out that this is nothing more than a beautiful and highly patriotic legend.

There is no doubt that the number of stripes has nothing to do with the victories of the Russian navy. It’s just that when choosing a design, the purely aesthetic side of the matter prevailed: the collar with three stripes turned out to be the most beautiful and has a simple, finished shape. In the summer, sailors in our navy wear a white linen uniform shirt with the same attractive blue collar, edged with three white stripes. The same three stripes are on the blue cuffs of these shirts.

A little about the ribbons on visor caps

The first ribbons in the Russian Navy appeared on oilskin hats of sailors in 1857 and no later than 1872 on caps. Until then, only slotted letters and numbers were placed on the bands of sailors’ caps, which were painted over or lined with yellow cloth. The exact size and shape of the letters on the ribbons, as well as the ribbons themselves, were approved for the entire rank and file of the Russian fleet on August 19, 1874. In the Soviet Navy, the font on Red Navy ribbons was approved in 1923.

A special ribbon on the caps of Soviet sailors is the ribbon of the Guards ships, approved together with the Guards badge in 1943. The ribbon of the Guards ships has the color of the Order of Glory ribbon of alternating stripes of orange and black.

Some researchers suggest that in the Russian fleet the black and orange color of the St. George's ribbon repeats the former dynastic colors of the Russian monarchy. This is fundamentally wrong. The old heraldic colors of the Russian monarchy are gold and black or yellow and black. There is a definite indication about the approval of the black-orange stripes of the St. George ribbon in 1769, where it is said that the colors are purely “military”: orange is the color of flame and black is the color of cannon and rifle powder smoke.

Quotes

But, comrade boatswain, why hang a flag, or jack, on the bowsprit?; the cabin boy was perplexed.

And then, my friend, that this flag designated the ship’s home port!; answered the boatswain.

Jack

GUYS, a flag raised to the noses. military units of ships of the first two ranks, when they are at anchor, along with the stern. flag i.e. from 8 p.m. before sunset. (Shapes and drawings
G. diff. powers, see colorful flag tables in descriptions
states).

Jack- m.

1. A flag hoisted on the bow of military ships of the first two ranks during anchorage.

2. A large blue collar on a uniform sailor’s outer cloth or linen shirt (in the speech of sailors).

Ephraim's explanatory dictionary. T. F. Efremova. 2000 ... Modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Efremova

Overall material rating: 5

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Compared to other states, the Russian fleet does not have such a long history. The British and Dutch, the Spaniards and the Portuguese began exploring the seas much earlier than the Russians, locked either by ice in the north or in the “Swedish lake,” as the Baltic Sea was called until the 18th century.

Key changes have occurred since the famous decision of the Boyar Duma “there will be sea vessels.” The decision to create a fleet, initiated by Peter I, became one of the turning points in Russian history. And, of course, the sailors had to have special clothing, which has survived to this day as the Navy uniform.

History of uniforms in the Russian Navy

In pre-Petrine times, problems with uniforms for the fleet did not exist, in fact, neither did the fleet itself. The already formed isolated group of northern Pomor sailors did not have military specifics, nor did they have a specialized uniform. From his trip to Holland, which was one of the leading maritime powers in Peter's time, the tsar took away not only the ability to build ships.

The first samples of military uniforms for sailors came to Russia from there as well. At that time, the standard sailor's equipment included a wide-brimmed hat, usually made of felt, a jacket made of coarse wool called a bostrog, short knee-length pants and stockings. The feet were protected by heavy boots made of strong leather with buckles. This uniform was intended for lower ranks, that is, sailors. The officer's uniform, as such, in the early years Russian fleet didn't exist.

During the century since the creation of the Russian fleet, the uniform has undergone almost no changes. The jackets gradually increase the stand-up collar and also reduce the waist size. At a certain point, the navy was subject to a general fashion for long hair sprinkled with flour, as well as an abundance of gold in the decoration of the uniform.

But in everyday work on the ship there was no time to show off trivially, so the lower ranks happily continued to wear the Peter the Great uniform, as well as things sewn from canvas. Loose, wide trousers and shirts allowed sailors to perform any work on the ship.

The 19th century brought numerous innovations to the life of the fleet in terms of uniform.

At the beginning of the century, under the influence of general fashion, narrow, tails-type uniforms entered the fleet. Instead of raincoats, sailors begin to be given narrow overcoats, and headdresses are replaced by shakos. According to the general assessment, at this time the army and navy were almost identically equipped, which caused understandable indignation among the sailors.

In 1811, the trump cap, currently associated only with the navy, appeared for the first time. In fact, it owes its birth to foragers who obtained food for horses and often fed animals from hats. The caps for sailors did not have the usual ribbons, as well as the names of the ships. Instead, crew numbers were marked on the band using large numbers.

The largest changes in naval uniforms occurred in the 1860s and 1870s. It was at this time, through the efforts of individual representatives of the imperial family, that the fleet received a uniform that, with minor changes, has actually survived to this day.

Fabrics used when sewing uniforms

Natural fabrics were used to create clothing for the Navy in Tsarist Russia, as in the USSR. The most common was coarse wool. This was due to frequent bad weather and cold in the Baltic - the cradle of the Russian fleet. Since the beginning of campaigns in the Mediterranean and the creation of the Black Sea Fleet, Russian sailors received lighter and more comfortable uniforms made of canvas.

One of the main positive qualities of this material was its fantastic non-stainability. Almost any dirt, oil or paint was washed off from clothes without much difficulty. In naval slang, this fabric was called “damn leather.” The color scheme was not varied, only white and blue (sometimes shades reached blue) colors.

It is interesting that the Black Sea Fleet always wore only white uniforms, while the Baltic, like the later Pacific Fleet, had mostly blue uniforms.

According to naval regulations, Black Sea Fleet sailors were not allowed to be on the upper deck in blue uniforms.

In the second half of the twentieth century, this fabric was replaced by cotton samples. In the marine environment, the following fabrics have become the most famous:

• “Starshina”, a dense fabric of a dark color, is distinguished by the fact that it does not wrinkle easily and does not fade, the most favorite fabric among sailors;
• “glass”, for some time it was used to sew uniforms for the ground army, holds the hands perfectly, but due to the peculiarities of the composition it quickly becomes greasy, the surface begins to sparkle, for which it received its nickname;
• “rag”, the worst type of fabric, characterized by rapid wear and tear.

In the Soviet years, fabrics were of high quality and underwent mandatory state certification. In the 1990s, the Ivanovo enterprise that produced fabrics for the Navy was closed, and now a large number of private traders work in this field. This was not beneficial, since the fabrics they produce are not always of the required quality.

IN last years There have been complaints about the use of synthetic fabrics for sewing work uniforms. This is dangerous, first of all, in the event of emergency situations, such as fires on a ship.

Everyday wear uniform

For a long time, many elements of the sailor's uniform did not change in principle. The basis of clothing since the second half of the 19th century has been the robe, or work suit. You can also find the outdated name “sailor dress”, which consists of several elements.

A vest or naval sweatshirt is worn directly on the body.

In the navy, this element of clothing, contrary to all myths, has a relatively short lifespan. The reason why sailors began to knit striped sweatshirts was to improve the visibility of the sailor, both against the background of white sails and in the event of a person falling overboard. For a long time, vests were banned.

At the moment, the vest is a symbol of the sea, although in different countries there are certain differences. The French uniform has 21 stripes - in honor of the number of victories of Napoleon. The English vest has 12 stripes, equal to the number of ribs in a person. In the Russian fleet, stripes are not counted; their number depends on the height of the wearer. The color of the stripes varies from dark blue to black.

The currently presented vests of different colors often have nothing to do with the navy. Thus, green stripes are typical for the uniform of border guards, maroon for units of the National Guard (former internal troops), and blue stripes are issued to paratroopers.

A Dutch shirt is worn over the vest, depending on the color, called flannel (dark blue fabric) or uniform (white). The shirt consists of a solid back and front, as well as sleeves with cuffs.

The front of the shirt has a cutout on the chest and a pair of buttons are sewn on the inside.

On the back there is a large turn-down collar for attaching the so-called guy. In slang, this word means a blue collar with a white lining and three white stripes on the front side. The three stripes symbolize the three great victories of the navy, these are:

• The Battle of Gangut in 1714, when the fleet of Peter I defeated the Swedes for the first time at sea;
• The Battle of Chesme in 1770, a united squadron under the command of Count Aleskey Orlov defeated twice the Turkish forces;
• The Battle of Sinop in 1853, when Admiral Nakhimov destroyed the entire Turkish squadron with one blow.

The Dutchwoman also has a slot for a pocket, in which there should be a “combat number” book with the sailor’s duties according to all schedules and for all emergency situations. A white stripe with a number printed on it is also attached there. A special indelible paint is used for this. In recent years, the combat number has often been applied to paper, which is then laminated and sewn to the uniform.

The combat number consists of the first digit indicating the number of the combat unit, the second digit indicating the number of the combat post. The third and fourth digits are written together and indicate the number of the combat shift and the serial number of the serviceman in this shift.

The officer's uniform consisted of a white or cream-colored shirt, as well as a jacket, usually wool, and in bad weather, leather with a fur lining.

Sailor's trousers have a special style.

Instead of the usual fly and button in the belly area, they have fastenings with a pair of buttons or hooks on the sides. This style was introduced back in the 19th century and is necessary for the convenience and ease of removing clothes in case of falling overboard. For this purpose, flares and extensions at the bottom of the trouser leg were sewn on the trousers.

Experienced midshipmen and officers closely watched the sailors who sewed these cuts together for the sake of fashion. Improvements were treated quickly; as soon as they learned about the sewn trousers, the sailor was ordered to leave the ship, directly at sea. Then the poor fellow was caught and politely explained the error of his actions.

The head was covered with either a cap or a cap. The first headgear, which was extremely innovative and relevant in its time, is not particularly comfortable on today's ships. However, like a guy or a vest, it is a symbol of the fleet, and the sailors are not going to give it up. The cap can be with a white or black crown. The white color is usually given by the cover, since a completely white top is too easily soiled.

A special feature is a ribbon on which either the name of the ship, or the designation of the fleet in which the soldier is serving, or simply the inscription “navy” is printed in gold letters. Previously, the names of ships were written on the tapes, but due to secrecy during the Cold War era, other spelling options appeared on the tapes.

Now they are returning to old traditions. The ribbon itself was necessary not only for beauty. It was clamped between the teeth while working in the wind so that the headdress would not be blown out to sea. The cap is being replaced by a cap, a more convenient garment in cramped conditions on ships.

Officers wear caps, also white or black.

A distinctive feature is the “crab”, which is what the Navy calls a special cockade with a star, an anchor and laurel leaves. In addition to caps, berets are worn on their heads, and in winter, hats with earflaps.

With shoes, the situation is more complicated, since sea wolves and recruits often organically cannot tolerate boots. Yuft boots, known as progars (if the sole is leather), or igadas (rubber soles), have been developed for personnel. Old-timers usually wear similar boots, but made of chrome. Boots are issued to coastal services, Marine Corps and in the event of a ship being placed for repairs. Interestingly, tropical clothing includes sandals.

New form of the 21st century

The reform of the army also affected the naval uniform. In Moscow, it is more clear what sailors should wear, so since the 2010s, uniforms began to be divided not only into dress, casual and work, but also into office uniforms.

Office attire involves a lot of hard work in the office, by far the most important place in the fleet. This is a black jacket, with long or short sleeves, as well as several Velcro strips to indicate the first and last name, in a modern manner. The set includes trousers of the same material, black leather boots, and a white cap.

The officer's uniform for parades or other official events consists of black or white trousers, a white shirt, a black tie with a gold clip, and a gold belt with a hanging dagger. The dirk is issued to an officer after graduation and is a symbol of pride and honor. For some time, daggers were canceled, but now they are once again adorned by Navy officers.

The uniform for women includes a shirt, tie and skirt, nude tights and shoes.

In cold weather, it is allowed to wear boots, a woolen coat, a muffler and a hat with earflaps.
A special form of clothing is the demobilization outfit.

When leaving service, many sailors want to emphasize their exclusivity, so they begin to decorate their uniforms with a zeal worthy of the French sovereigns of the 17th century. Some people just need a new, clean uniform with well-deserved badges and medals, while others sew on an endless number of aiguillettes, chevrons and other attributes of a demobilized soldier.

Video

Sailors on merchant ships in those days did not have a uniform uniform. The style of clothing was dictated more by climate, national customs, material capabilities and professional characteristics.

For example, in hot countries, sailors made do with a piece of canvas for the body and scarves. European sailors wore caps, cotton shirts and trousers, which were later replaced by trousers with flared legs. And in Rus', only representatives of the merchant guild adhered to a certain style of clothing (frock coats, caps, blouses, high-top boots, trousers).

1668, under Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, the merchant flag was raised for the first time on the first merchant ship of Russia, “Eagle”

Under Peter I, a large-scale reform of all shipping structures began. The form of the merchant fleet was regulated until 1781 by the Tsar’s “Naval Charter”. In those years, civilian sailors had to wear a military naval uniform. This order was explained by the fact that all merchant ships were equipped with defensive cannons, and a team of sailors not only repelled attacks with cannon fire, but also engaged in hand-to-hand combat.

The new Russian naval uniform then resembled the clothes of Dutch sailors: black hats, white canvas blouses, a green caftan with one row of buttons and a stand-up collar, green trousers, blue stockings and brown shoes with buckles. In winter, sailors were given uniform sheepskin coats. According to the “Naval Regulations”, a sailor who lost his uniform was subject to severe punishment.
According to the “Charter of Merchant Navigation” approved by Catherine II, sailors of the civil fleet continued to wear military suits, but employees of coastal administrations already had the right to dress in civilian dress.

Over time, new elements were introduced into uniforms. A woolen cap with curved brims and a flat top was chosen to replace the brimmed hat. At the beginning of the 19th century, Russian sailors tried on oilcloth top hats, and later a green cap appeared (the crew number was depicted on its band).
In 1872, the legendary black cap with a ribbon signed according to the name of the ship was introduced. The bostrog was replaced by a pea coat, trousers were replaced by trousers, and instead of shoes with a buckle, boots began to be worn in the middle of the 18th century.

In 1834, by decree of Nicholas I, the “Regulations on Civil Uniforms” were introduced, which regulated a new uniform for ministry officials, but military uniforms continued to be used on merchant ships. And only in 1851, the Russian Emperor for the first time approved samples of uniforms specially designed for sailors of the Russian-American Company (a semi-state colonial trade organization) engaged in the development of Russian America, the Kuril Islands and adjacent territories. A distinctive element of the sailors' civilian uniform from the military steel is the piping on the cap made of blue cloth, collars, as well as copper buttons with the image of two crosswise anchors and the first letters of the company name.

Since 1855, a special uniform was provided for ranks of the merchant navy: double-breasted frock coats made of dark green cloth with six gilded buttons (two anchors and the letters “A.K.”). Gold anchors were embroidered on the corners of the turn-down collar of the blue velvet frock coat. According to the regulations, dark green trousers were worn in winter, and white ones in summer. Caps were worn with officer's badges, wide gold braid and banded straps. In addition to the dress uniform there were daggers and gold braids (on the shoulders): for captains - solid and with gaps - for assistants.

In 1858, an individual uniform was approved for the Caucasus and Mercury shipping company. On the green frock coats of the command staff were sewn large copper buttons with crossing anchors and the inscription (name of the society), and on the sleeves there were two small buttons (anchor). Boatswains and non-commissioned officers were entitled to double-breasted black jackets with copper buttons (the letters “K.M.” and crosswise anchors). By the way, the symbolism of crossing anchors had the following meanings among the ancient Greeks: “Two are most reliable” and “In a great storm, one is not enough.”

In 1881, uniforms were introduced for the crews of the Voluntary Fleet, who had previously worn naval uniforms. The cut and color of the uniform corresponded to the uniform of the Naval Department; the buttons depicted an anchor and the letters “D. and F."

Insignia of Voluntary Fleet employees mod. 1899: 1. Captain, 2. Chief mate,
3. Chief engineer, 4. Ship's doctor, 5. Junior mate, 6. Junior engineer.

But already in August 1899, by decree of Nicholas II, a different uniform was approved for sailors of the Voluntary Fleet. The dark green half-caftan was replaced with a double-breasted black uniform with yellow buttons that had the image of an Admiralty anchor. The buttons of the Black Sea-Danube Shipping Company (1884) also had an anchor and the letters “Ch.D.P.”
In 1890, a common uniform was established for river captains, their assistants and drivers. Among maritime organizations, there were many variations in the emblems corresponding to certain companies.

1899 - the period of introduction of a new uniform for sailors of the ROPiT (Russian Society of Shipping and Trade). Inspectors, captains and their assistants, and apprentice navigators were given black frock coats with gilded buttons, on which crossed anchors and the abbreviation “R.O.P.T.” were embossed. Engineers wore identical uniforms with silver buttons, while boatswains wore black double-breasted jackets with brass buttons.
In the summer of 1901, a new uniform was introduced for students of maritime educational institutions: overcoats, short coats and ceremonial uniforms, on the gilded buttons of which the same crosswise anchors were used. And from September 1901, teachers were supposed to wear a dark green frock coat with gilded buttons (the image is the state coat of arms). In February 1903, Nicholas II issued a decree approving uniforms for employees of the Russian merchant fleet. The uniform of captains, naval inspectors, assistants and students includes double-breasted frock coats and jackets with gilded buttons with the same image. In April 1903, dark green frock coats with six silver buttons (on each side) with the state coat of arms, a rim and an anchor crossed with the rod of Mercury were approved for the ranks of the Main Directorate of Merchant Shipping.

IN different years The uniform of the merchant fleet corresponded to the uniform of the ministries of internal affairs, finance and communications. Therefore, the next update of uniforms occurred after 1905, when the Ministry of Trade and Industry was formed, the substructure of which became the Main Directorate of Merchant Shipping and Ports. In July 1906, all civilian sea transport captains, their assistants and mechanics donned a single uniform (double-breasted uniform with an Admiralty anchor on gilded buttons).

The last unification of the uniform of officials of the Ministry of Trade and Industry took place in 1911. On the standard half-caftan, gilded buttons appeared with the image of a double-headed eagle and the rod of Mercury crossed with an anchor.

After the events of 1917, the symbols of the Russian Empire were completely eliminated.

And already in the 20s of the 20th century, captains of the Soviet merchant fleet dressed in military service jackets (color - khaki). In the post-revolutionary period, all existing military ranks were abolished. A new division of ranks into categories was created, which was transferred to the merchant fleet.

Reconstruction of the uniform of Soviet river boatmen of the 1928 model: 1. Ship's doctor in a coat, 2. Captain of a UVVP vessel in a jacket,
3. First mate mechanic in a jacket, 4. Third mate, 5. Employee of the mechanical engineering service of the service.