Master class with teachers Non-traditional appliqué techniques “Do-it-yourself fluffy pictures. Master class “Non-traditional types of applique as a means of developing creativity in preschool children. Non-traditional method of appliqué

Evgenia Savachenko

“Creativity is not the preserve of only geniuses who have created great works of art. Creativity exists wherever a person imagines, combines, creates something new."

(L. S. Vygotsky)

“The origins of children’s abilities and gifts are at their fingertips. The more confidence in the movements of a child’s hand, the more subtle the interaction between the hand and the tool, the more complex the movements, the brighter the creative element of the child’s mind. And the more skill in a child’s hand, the smarter the child...”

(V. A. Sukhomlinsky)

Relevance.

The desire to create is an internal need of a child; it arises independently and is characterized by extreme sincerity. We, adults, must help the child discover the artist within himself, develop abilities that will help him become an individual. The ability to be creative is a distinctive feature of man, thanks to which he can live in unity with nature, create without causing harm, multiply without destroying. Psychologists and educators have come to the conclusion that early development creativity, already in preschool childhood, is the key to future success. In classes using non-traditional materials and techniques, children receive information about the diversity of the world around them, clarify their ideas about the color, shape, size of objects and their parts, they develop imagination, thinking, and speech. Systematic mastery of all necessary means and methods of activity provides children with the joy of creativity and their all-round development (aesthetic, intellectual, moral-labor, physical).

Problem:

Not all children show interest in various types of visual arts;

They do not know how to perform a task according to a model;

Many children do not show patience and perseverance when completing tasks and do not finish what they start;

Target:

Development creativity children using non-traditional appliqué techniques.

Tasks:

1. Introduce children to a new species artistic activity;

2. Enrich children’s knowledge and ideas about objects, materials, their properties, methods of their use;

3. Develop imagination, creativity, constructive thinking, and intelligence;

4. Develop fine motor skills of the hands, develop self-control skills;

5. Shape aesthetic taste.

Hypothesis:

If you use non-traditional applique techniques in classes with children, then children will become interested in this type of activity and the dynamics will increase high level development of creative abilities in visual activities. It is also important to develop fine motor skills in preschool age. The work of the speech and thinking centers of the brain directly depends on the development of fine motor skills.

Expected Result.

1. Children’s mastery of various non-traditional appliqué techniques;

2. Enriching children’s knowledge and ideas about objects, materials, their properties, methods of their use;

3. Increasing the level of development of children in artistic creativity;

4. Development of fine motor skills of the hands in accordance with the age of children;

5. Cultivating self-confidence and sustainable interest in non-traditional appliqué techniques.

Project type: creative, group

Project type: long-term (3 months)

Project participants: middle group children, teacher

Project Implementation Plan

1 Preparatory stage:

Selecting a project topic, studying methodological literature, drawing up a work plan, development thematic plan classes on the topic of the project, studying and selecting a variety of non-traditional appliqué techniques.

2 Main stage:

Thematic lesson plan in middle group

1. Decorate a scarf for grandma. Goal: Identify the existing skills of children.

2. Multi-colored flowers. Goal: To teach children to perform appliqué using the technique of rolling disposable napkins, to develop logical thinking, manual dexterity, learn to do work consistently.

3. Squirrel. Goal: To teach children how to make mosaics from torn paper, to promote the development of children’s attention, fine motor skills, love for the world around them, and the ability to finish what they have started.

4. Ladybug. Goal: To teach children to create three-dimensional applications, to develop thinking, attention, perseverance and accuracy in work.

5. Bouncing bunny. Goal: To teach children to do work using cereals (rice, to promote the development of fine motor skills and attention.

6. Lamb. Goal: To teach children to work with disposable napkins, to promote the development of fine motor skills and accuracy when doing work.

7. Chickens in the meadow. Goal: Learn to make crafts from cotton pads, promote the development of love for the world around you, develop accuracy and perseverance.

8. Ice cream. Goal: To teach children to use glitter and confetti in their work, to develop imagination and fine motor skills.

9. Wonderful boat. Goal: Learn to lay out and compose images of a boat from several ready-made shapes on a sheet of paper, develop imagination, fine motor skills, cultivate independence and initiative.

10. Basket with flowers. Goal: Continue to teach children to work with disposable napkins, promote the development of imagination, fine motor skills, and perseverance.

11. forest clearing. Goal: To teach children to create an applique from ready-made shapes, to develop fine motor skills, imagination, and a sense of composition.

12. Lamb. Goal: Continue to teach children to work with disposable napkins, promote the development of fine motor skills and accuracy when doing work.

12. Spring bouquet (team work). Goal: Continue to teach children how to do disposable work using napkins, to promote the development of imagination and sense of composition.

3 Final stage:

Organization of an exhibition of children's works

List of used literature:

Davydova G. N. " Unconventional techniques drawing in kindergarten" - M.: Scriptorium 2003, 2007

Kazakova T. G. “Develop creativity in preschoolers” - M.: Education, 2002

Kazakova R. G. “Drawing with preschool children. Non-traditional techniques, lesson scenarios, planning” - M.: Creative Center, 2005

Malysheva A. N., Ermolaeva N. V. “Applique in kindergarten” - Yaroslavl: “Academy of Development, Academy Holding”, 2002

Fateeva A. A. “Drawing without a brush” - Yaroslavl: Academy of Development, 2004

Appendix No. 1

Types of non-traditional appliqué techniques

1. Modular application (mosaic).

With this technique, an image is created by gluing many identical shapes. Cut out circles, squares, triangles, or simply torn pieces of paper can be used as the basis for a modular applique.

2. Application from napkins.

Napkins - very interesting material For children's creativity. You can make various crafts from them. This type of creativity has a number of advantages - the ability to create masterpieces without scissors; development of fine motor skills of the hands; development of tactile perception using paper of different textures; ample opportunities for creativity.

3. Application from cereals.

For very young children it is useful to develop fine motor skills. Touching objects with your fingers and learning to make pinch movements is, of course, important. But for children aged over a year old, it’s interesting to see the result of your work right away. Cereal application becomes the most attractive for them in this regard. With cereal you can create different crafts with kids. To do this, semolina, rice, and millet are painted in different colors using gouache and water.

4. Overlay applique.

This technique allows you to obtain a multi-color image. We conceive an image and consistently create it, overlaying and gluing parts in layers so that each subsequent detail is smaller in size than the previous one.

5. Ribbon applique.

This method allows you to get not one or two, but many identical images, scattered or interconnected. To make a ribbon applique, you need to take a wide sheet of paper, fold it like an accordion and cut out the image.

6. Quilling.

Quilling (English quilling - from the word quill (bird feather, also paper rolling) - the art of making flat or three-dimensional compositions from long and narrow strips of paper twisted into spirals.

7. Trimming.

Trimming is one of the types of paper crafts. This technique can be attributed to both the applique method and the type of quilling. With the help of trimming you can create amazing three-dimensional paintings, mosaics, panels, decorative interior elements, postcards. This technique is quite popular; interest in it is explained by the unusual “fluffy” effect and the easy way to perform it.

8. Silhouette applique.

This method is accessible to children who are good with scissors. They will be able to cut out complex silhouettes using a drawn or imaginary outline.

9. Origami.

Origami (Japanese: “folded paper”) is a type of decorative and applied art; ancient art folding paper figures. Classic origami is made from square sheet paper and instructs the use of one sheet of paper without the use of glue or scissors.

10. Corrugated paper.

Corrugated paper is one of the types of so-called craft paper. Compared to regular paper, it appeared relatively recently. It is very soft, delicate and pleasant to the touch. Children love the gorgeous colors and they enjoy working with her in art activities. This is an excellent decorative and ornamental material that allows you to create scenery, colorful toys, original garlands and magnificent bouquets, costumes that can become a great gift for the holiday.

11. Fabric applique.

Fabric applique is a type of sewing. Appliqué embroidery involves attaching pieces of other fabric to a specific fabric background. Fabric appliques are strengthened either by sewing or gluing. Fabric appliqué can be substantive, narrative or decorative; single-color, two-color and multi-color. Making fabric appliqué requires certain skills. First, you need to be able to cut fabric (fabric is more difficult to cut than paper); Secondly. The edges of the fabric can fray and make work difficult.

12. Application from dried plants.

Currently, application of flowers, grass, leaves, the so-called floristry, has become widely popular. Working with natural materials is quite accessible to students and preschool children. Communicating with nature is exciting, interesting and useful. It develops creativity, thinking, observation, and hard work. Activities with natural materials help to instill in children a love for native nature, caring attitude towards her. They are also useful because the collection and preparation of natural material takes place in the air.

13. Symmetrical applique.

For symmetrical images, fold the blank - a square or rectangle of paper of the required size - in half, hold it by the fold, and cut out half of the image.

14. Straw applique.

Straw appliqués are extremely attractive and have a golden shimmer to them. This happens because the straw has glossy surface and longitudinally arranged fibers. These fibers reflect light maximally only in a certain position. Composed of shapes at different angles relative to the light. The applique conveys a unique game: it shines like gold. These can be paintings, ornamental stripes, bookmarks, boxes, frames.

Appendix No. 2

Applications for children are one of the most favorite games and fun. But it’s by playing that the little ones learn! They gradually become accustomed to the world of colors and shapes. And they also get satisfaction from the fact that they themselves, with their own hands, can create beauty. And if parents want to help their child, we will give you ideas for appliqué made from colored paper.

What we can offer:

• Schemes and stencils for applications of different figures: flowers, animals, insects and fairy-tale characters.
• We'll show you what interesting, non-traditional appliqué techniques there are.
• And, of course, we will give you a lot of positive emotions! We are sure you will have fun with us!

For the little ones

What we may need for the application:

• Colored thin paper;
• Cardboard;
• Pencil;
• Stencils;
• Glue.

Hedgehog

Volumetric ladybug

Application execution sequence:

Flower meadow

Lesson in 3 stages:

Little funny chicken

You need to cut out the following parts:

Chick

Meet Tsypa! Him:

• Body - square;
• Eye – 2 circles (black and white, and a little more white);
• Beak - triangle;
• The paws are also triangular;
• The wing is a semicircle;
• Tuft - crescent.

Sun

Leave the work on your kitten's smile. Or you can print ready-made faces:

And start preparing yellow, golden and orange circles of different sizes.

We assemble a picture on a blue background.

You can stick circles in the form of rays, or in a circle, the main thing is to alternate their colors. The Sun itself will be placed in the middle of the panel.

Lilac

Bouquet

Snowman

And since it consists of two bases and 16 circles, we print out templates for applications, this will allow you to quickly, and without delaying preparatory work, move on to designing a toy.

Read more about blanks. The basis is 2 circles of the same size, drawn as a figure eight. The additional circles are equal in diameter to those in the base.
We also need a rope 4 times the length of the base. And decorative beads.

Glade

Our base is blue cardboard. This is heaven. The sun is shining. The grass grows and flowers bloom in it. And butterflies and dragonflies flutter above them. All parts are made of accordion-folded paper.

A collection of applique master classes + interesting ideas

It's nice to know that things made by children different types appliques, such as appliqué made from torn paper or corrugated material, are a good memory. And irrefutable evidence that our little ones have talent. The child is developing. And we help him with this.

Description of the presentation by individual slides:

1 slide

Slide description:

2 slide

Slide description:

“The origins of children’s abilities and gifts are at their fingertips. The more confidence and ingenuity in the movements of a child’s hand, the more subtle the interaction between the hand and the tool, the brighter the creative element of the child’s mind...” Sukhomlinsky V.A.

3 slide

Slide description:

Applique (from Latin applicatio - applying) - creating artistic images by gluing, sewing onto fabric or paper multi-colored pieces of any material; image, pattern created in this way. For application you can use the most different materials: paper, fabric, threads, shells and pebbles, and even the most ordinary cereals.

4 slide

Slide description:

Types of applique In subject applique, children master the ability to cut out individual subject images from paper and paste them onto the background. Thematic-thematic appliqué requires the ability to cut out and paste various objects in relationship in accordance with the theme or plot. Decorative applique is a type of ornamental activity during which children master the ability to cut out and combine various decoration elements.

5 slide

Slide description:

The application is of great importance for comprehensive development and education of a preschooler. 1).Mental education - the stock of knowledge is gradually expanding based on ideas about the various forms and spatial position of objects in the surrounding world. 2).Sensory education - direct, sensitive acquaintance with objects and phenomena, with their properties and qualities. 3) Moral education - visual activity (application) should be used to instill in children a love for everything that is best and fair. 4) Labor education - this combines mental and physical activity. The ability to cut, handle scissors, use a brush and glue requires a certain amount of physical strength and labor skills. 5) Aesthetic education- sense of color - when an aesthetic feeling arises from the perception of beautiful color combinations.

6 slide

Slide description:

By doing appliqué, children learn different materials (paper, cereal, clay, shells, etc.), become familiar with their properties, expressive capabilities, and acquire skills in working with them. Children also acquire experience working with certain tools of human activity (pencil, glue, brush, paint, scissors). All these activities contribute to the mental development of children.

7 slide

Slide description:

Develops artistic imagination and aesthetic taste. Develops constructive thinking. Develops fine motor skills and tactile sensations. Helps to learn colors and shapes. Introduces children to the concept of technology. So, the application:

8 slide

Slide description:

Tear-off applications Such applications are obtained if the paper is not cut, but torn off. In this case, the edges come out more “alive” and fleecy. When cutting along a pre-drawn contour, your fingers should be positioned close to the contour on both sides. The cutting is done in small sections. If you tear the paper along the grain, the edge will be smoother; if across, it will be more “spontaneous”, with a white halo, which is not bad, for example, if you are making the sea, you will immediately get foam on the wave.

Slide 9

Slide description:

Application from sand or salt Working with sand is a pleasure, and the finished paintings turn out simply gorgeous. Sand or salt application can be started with children aged 2-2.5 years. To begin with, choose simple applications with a small number of details, gradually complicating the design and increasing the number of small details. Children of any age enjoy playing with sand: pouring it, choosing colors, leveling it, and most importantly, shaking it off. Why not, at least occasionally, meet them halfway?

10 slide

Slide description:

Quilling Quilling (English quilling - from the word quill (bird feather), also paper rolling, is the art of making flat or three-dimensional compositions from long and narrow strips of paper twisted into spirals.

11 slide

Slide description:

Application from napkins Napkins are a very interesting material for children's creativity. You can make various crafts from them. This type of creativity has a number of advantages: the ability to create masterpieces without scissors; development of fine motor skills of small hands; development of tactile perception using paper of different textures; ample opportunities for creativity.

12 slide

Slide description:

Trimming is one of the types of paper crafts. This technique can be attributed to both the applique method and the type of quilling. With the help of trimming you can create amazing three-dimensional paintings, mosaics, panels, decorative interior elements, postcards. Trimming

Slide 13

Slide description:

Applications made from crumpled paper The crumpling technique is the simplest technique that is interesting for children of any age. Even the smallest children aged 2-3 years can cope with it, of course, under the strict guidance of adults

Applique classes using non-traditional materials are a “storehouse” for the development of fantasy, creativity, and imagination. The process of making crafts or plots will not only have a positive effect on the development of aesthetic senses, replenish the skills and abilities needed by children, but will also develop fine motor skills, attention, intellectual and creative activity. Non-traditional applique classes promote the development of imagination, visual memory, flexibility and speed of thinking, originality and individuality of each child (Z.A. Bogateeva, M.A. Gusakova, G.G. Grigorieva, T.G. Kazakova, I.V. Novikova , R.M. Chumicheva, etc.).

Significant points in the use of non-traditional techniques in the development of appliqué in children of primary preschool age are:

development of fine motor skills, thanks to a variety of materials that stimulate their examination and therefore improve sensory sphere children;

creating an interesting image thanks to various materials that can “suggest” original stories to children;

the variety of materials for application, techniques and methods of fastening makes it possible to intensify creative experimentation (I.A. Lykova);

The simplicity of some techniques makes it easier to obtain results.

Technology is considered as a set of objects used in any business, skill, or art (Explanatory Dictionary). Technology is an art, skill, skill, a set of processing methods, changes in state (V.M. Shepel).

Visual techniques are understood as a set of methods and techniques for creating an artistic object using visual means.

Traditional ways of creating appliqué are using paper and cardboard; leather is less widely used as a material. Non-traditional techniques in appliqué include the use of various materials (food products - pasta, cereals, salt, sugar); combination various materials, for example, dried leaves and threads; "unusual" methods of processing materials.

An analysis of the literature showed (Kazakova R.G., Belobrykina O.A., Kozhokhina S.K., Komarova T.S., Petukhova G.V., Shklyarova M.S.) that the generally accepted definition of the term “non-traditional visual techniques” on this moment No. At the same time, characterizing non-traditional visual techniques, the authors highlight a number of their features:

• a) to create an image, not only commonly used visual materials are used ( colored paper, cardboard), but also a combination of these materials;
• b) additional materials and substances are used (cotton wool, napkin, shell);
• c) techniques and tools for creating images are used.

In the developments of I.V. Novikova, L.V. Bazulina, N.V. Dubrovskaya presents recommendations and activities for children on visual arts using various materials. Great importance in the development of a child is given to the variety of material that gives rise to children original ideas, develops imagination and fantasy, makes you want to come up with new designs and use them in the game. In the classes they suggest using the following materials: polystyrene foam, shells, beads, fabric, buttons, cones, egg shells, birch bark and much more.

In the methodological developments, it is proposed to familiarize children with non-traditional methods of appliqué - applique on fabric, from sawdust, from cereals, from bird feathers, from shavings, from beads, from leaves and much more. Original compositions can be created from the fluff of reeds, poplar, and sawdust. They provide a relief surface of the image, which clearly stands out on the bright-colored and soft-textured plane of pile paper or thick cardboard. Thus, chickens, a shaggy dog, a bear cub, a long-eared bunny, and dandelion flowers are depicted from the fluff of reeds or poplars. The implementation of such unique applications begins with a mark based on the contour of the depicted figure. Then its surface is smeared with glue and the fluff of tousled reeds is placed on top. The eyes of animals are indicated with false beads, buttons, and sunflower seeds. In the same way, panels are created from sawdust or broken eggshells. Along with natural color sawdust or shells can also be used and dyed material (aniline dyes different shades). Additionally, skillfully dried twigs, leaves, and flowers are glued on. Children should constantly be exposed to the possibilities of using certain materials and their various combinations. This increases the children’s interest in the process of artistic work and its result.

Thus, a generalized analysis of research shows the presence of various application development technologies: both at the level of activation of the plan, and at the technological level ( original use materials). At the same time, all technologies use various visual techniques: collage technique- a combination of completely dissimilar materials that harmoniously complement each other, located not only in the plane, but also in volume, and form a compositional unity that expresses the emotional idea of ​​​​a work of art ( possible topics: " Bird-Autumn", "Firmament", " Winter's Tale"); technique "break applique" ( possible theme: “My favorite Snowman”, “Teddy Bear”); paper rolling technique(theme: “Lamb”, “Lamb”); “leaf applique” technique ( theme: "Fish in the Aquarium", "Butterflies", "Leaf Fall"); technique "thread applique" ( theme: "Sea Waves", "My Favorite Bunny", "At the Bottom of the Sea"); "Egg shell applique" technique ( possible themes: “Snowman”, “Chicken”, “Bear”); “pacaroni applique” technique ( theme: "Flowers in the meadow", "The butterfly has arrived", "Rainbow-arc"); “cereal applique” technique ( theme: "Magic Flower", "Bear", "Little Mouse").

The process of preschoolers mastering skills and abilities to work in artistic techniques that are non-traditional for preschool education is successful under the following pedagogical conditions: the availability of non-traditional artistic techniques offered for mastering by children; usage various methods and techniques, at a younger age these are often game techniques, with game characters and surprise moments; collective work, organization of exhibitions by children, their subsequent viewing and discussion; the use of rich illustrative material that fully demonstrates the features of each non-traditional technique; creation of an actively influencing subject-spatial environment; availability of necessary equipment and materials and proper organization of space for them.

Productivity. A generalized analysis of the use of non-traditional techniques suggests that non-traditional techniques contribute to:

accumulation sensory experience child (actions with a variety of materials);

enrichment of visual, aesthetic experience;

development of hand motor skills (they do not cause such difficulties as in drawing);

experimenting with different materials;

development of the child’s imagination and creativity;

developing interest in appliqué (gluing various materials).

Research analysis, methodological developments, general education program " Childhood" allow us to talk about the compatibility and integrativeness of this technology in the pedagogical process and allows us to determine the advantages of the development of applications in the process of mastering non-traditional techniques by children of primary preschool age.

• 1. Non-traditional visual technique - akin to experimenting with materials, on the basis of which children’s interest in appliqué arises and is maintained.
• 2. Options for non-traditional visual techniques are designed to integrate children’s development goals (aesthetic, cognitive, emotional, sensory)
• 3. Non-traditional visual techniques, in some cases, do not require developed special technical skills, which facilitates the application process.
• 4. The use of a variety of non-traditional visual techniques contributes to the acceptance of the concept, the creation of an original image, and a deeper mastery of the means of expression.
• 5. Non-traditional techniques in early preschool age have a beneficial effect on the development of fine motor skills, which is relevant at this stage of development, because this is interconnected with speech development and is a sensitive period for children 3 years old.

Diagnostics aimed at determining the characteristics of mastering elements of non-traditional techniques in application by children of primary preschool age.

Purpose: to identify the ideas of children of primary preschool age about the use of non-traditional materials in applications.

Stimulus material: there are various materials on the table: napkins, paper, cotton wool, cereals, cardboard, beans, pasta, tray, oilcloth, half of A4 format, tray.

Instructions: the teacher works individually with each child. The child is asked to name the objects that are familiar to him. Then the child must answer the questions:

Which of the different materials do you like best? Why?

Is it possible to use beans, cereals, pasta, cotton wool to create an applique?

Will you try playing with this material and gluing it onto cardboard?

2. "Guess"

Purpose: to identify the ideas of children of primary preschool age about non-traditional materials used in applications.

Material: lamb samples

Instructions: the child is asked to go to the table on which there are pictures turned upside down. The teacher says: “Let’s play a game with you. You see, I have pictures. But they are unusual, and with a secret. I will show you one picture at a time. You will look at them carefully, and then you will tell me what what is depicted there. And you will also tell me what it is made of, what material. If you name everything correctly, then you win." The teacher offers the child a series of “Lamb” pictures made from different materials.

Then the teacher invites the child to answer the question: “Which lamb did you like best? Why? What material do you think it is made of? Would you like to play with it and make a treat for it?”

3. Observation

Purpose: to identify features of interest in non-traditional visual materials in children of primary preschool age.

Material: A variety of materials can be placed in the environment

Instructions: the teacher observes expressions of interest in various non-traditional techniques for a week and records the results of the observation.

Diagnostic analysis was carried out according to the following criteria:

accepting the task;

its implementation;

independence and interest in activities;

practical actions and comments;

interest;

the nature of access to objects and materials in independent and joint activities;

availability of technical skills;

emotional manifestations.

Based on these criteria, we developed levels of mastery of elements of non-traditional techniques in application by children of primary preschool age.

• 1 level - the child has difficulty accepting the task; a step-by-step explanation of the actions and a “hint” on how to perform it are necessary; the created images are schematic, unoriginal (may not accept the possibility of creating an image using non-traditional materials); refuses to complete the task; actions are not commented on; not interested in completing the task; does not use unfamiliar materials in his work; cannot find application for the proposed items; does not show expressive emotions when performing.
• 2 level - has difficulty accepting a task; creates unoriginal, schematic images; not independent, often turns to adults; practical actions are not commented on; not interested in doing work, distracted; turns to unfamiliar materials, but does not know how to apply them; finds it difficult to engage in activities in tasks with non-traditional materials; does not show expressive emotions when performing.
• 3level - accepts the task and gets involved in completing tasks; actively creates images, uses some details for decoration; shows relative independence; accurately answers questions, comments on his work; shows interest in activities; often turns to unfamiliar objects and tries to use them to create an image; joins with interest in appliqué using non-traditional techniques; Shows expressive emotions when performing tasks.
• 4 level - accepts the plan and is actively involved in completing tasks; creates his own original images ( interesting images), uses a variety of means of expression; shows activity and independence in activities; actively explains his actions and images; very interested in completing the task; constantly turns to non-traditional materials to create appliqué; well-developed technical skills (fastening materials, processing); knows how to use a variety of materials; shows strong emotions when performing a task.

Annual thematic planning in the junior group on appliqué using elements of non-traditional techniques

In developing the annual thematic planning, we proceeded from the following provisions:

the need for consistent and systematic work on the use of non-traditional techniques in mastering appliqué by younger preschoolers;

expanding the experience of using various non-traditional techniques for children of primary preschool age in appliqué and developing interest in visual arts;

organization of examination and creative experimentation with visual materials and tools;

encouraging independence in the use of non-traditional techniques in appliqué by younger preschoolers in order to create an expressive image;

usage various forms organization of the pedagogical process in in this direction: integrated classes, classes built on game moment; joint creative activity of the teacher and children, independent artistic activity of children; and the use of collective and individual forms of organizing children in the classroom;

activating children's interest in creativity, visual arts, and in particular, appliqué;

the use of images created by children for the design of preschool educational institutions, the preparation of attributes of games and performances, the organization of exhibitions and competitions of appliqué work, etc.

Rationale for the idea: for the development of creative self-expression of each child, it is necessary to enrich the subject-development environment, including various mini-centers.

• 1 direction: developing interest in appliqué and mastering non-traditional appliqué techniques by children of primary preschool age.
• 2 direction: with the aim of creating pedagogical conditions for the use of non-traditional techniques in application by children of primary preschool age, it is provided enrichment of the subject-development environment.

Annual thematic planning in the junior group on application with elements of non-traditional techniques

An applique is a picture or decoration created from pieces of fabric or paper, as well as other materials, glued to each other or sewn together.

This type of decorative art has been known for a long time. Perhaps it arose due to the need to connect pieces of leather or fabric together. Over time, they began to use pieces of suede and felt of a different quality and shade to decorate clothes and give products a more festive and beautiful look. Various subjects were collected from leather and felt, the center of which was animals, plants, birds, even religious characters.

Various types of appliqué became widespread not only among the nobility and wealthy population, but also among ordinary people. For many years, cut-out applique has taken pride of place among other types of creativity. Cutting is the simplest example of appliqué, which everyone becomes familiar with in childhood. The simplest cutouts are snowflakes, which, surprisingly, are a subtype of silhouette-type applique.

An ancient form of art - appliqué - has reached our time almost unchanged. Now the technique of assembling a whole image has not changed much - the parts are still sewn or glued to the base.

Types of applications

There are several directions of this art. They are divided into types of applique according to materials, themes, and elements used. So, let's get started.

The most common types of applications:

• object - for work, parts of an object are cut out from the required material and glued to the selected surface;
• plot - to form a plot, several details are cut out, which form an integral plot together;
• decorative - made like the previous ones, used to decorate frames, photos, albums or postcards.

Also one of the types of applique is silhouette. Dark silhouettes were cut out of thick paper of a dark shade. Such images became real works of art: having gained great popularity among the nobility, they were made of high quality paper and great value. Highly artistic works, the themes of which were battles, everyday scenes, as well as entire scenes, are still assessed by experts as works of the highest subtlety and taste.

It’s easy to make such a silhouette applique yourself. This requires a high-density sheet on which a design with a large number of elements is drawn or printed. Using small scissors or a utility knife, sections of the paper are cut out so that the remaining material forms a silhouette by connecting the paper and the slits.

Rhinestone applique

Popular types of applications are constantly changing. A type of creativity in which the picture is formed through the use of rhinestones as the main material has become widespread.

Rhinestones can be multi-faceted, so-called diamond-cut, as well as regular, round. The latter are not so shiny, their surface practically does not reflect light. Diamond cutting gives them brightness, and they reflect light several times better.

To make an applique painting, you can purchase a ready-made kit. These are sold in craft stores. You can also choose the rhinestones of the desired shade yourself and come up with a composition. The kits are convenient - they contain a scheme with a color pattern according to which the pebbles are glued. In addition, the surface of the base is coated with a special compound, thanks to which the application does not crumble.

Applications made of rhinestones can be not only in the form of paintings. They can decorate clothes - a dress, a suit corset, shirt lapels and jacket lapels.

To decorate child dress using rhinestone appliqué, you need to choose stones of a contrasting shade. In addition, you will need special glue, if the rhinestones are not adhesive-based, and tweezers, which are convenient for laying out the pattern.

You can decorate either in any order or following the pattern. In any case, the result will be impressive - the clothes will become exclusive and take on a festive and elegant look.

Leaf applications

The simplest applique is made from leaves. Children become acquainted with it at the age of three or four years. To work, you will need dried leaves of flowers, trees, and shrubs. In addition, you need paper (white or colored, depending on the idea), PVA glue or adhesive-based rhinestones.

You can use a template for the plot. After printing it on paper or drawing it by hand, the leaves are glued onto it using glue. It is not necessary to follow the drawing clearly; you can only use it as a basis. The more imagination manifests itself during work, the more interesting the work will be.

You can invite your child to make his own plot - draw an animal, a man, a character from his favorite cartoon, and use leaves to complement it - make a house, the hero’s clothes, accessories. Such a creation will show the child’s full creative potential and help him to open up. Leaf applique instills a love of nature while developing imagination.

Thread applications

Another interesting type is thread applique. To work, you need yarn for knitting or embroidery (floss), scissors, glue, thick cardboard of several colors.

In order to make a cute lion cub, you need to draw its silhouette on colored paper. The figure is cut out and attached with glue to an A4 sheet that serves as the base. The muzzle can be drawn on white paper, cut out and carefully colored with colored pencils.

For the mane, cut a bunch of threads. Each thread should be about three centimeters long. It will take about fifteen strands. You can do more, it all depends only on your imagination. The finished threads are glued using PVA onto a round base with a diameter of 2.5 cm (that is, the base should be smaller than the mane so that the threads look free and natural). Then the lion cub's muzzle is fixed on top of them.

For the tassel on the tail you need a small bundle of thread. They can be carefully wound in the middle with a longer thread so that short strands did not get loose or become disheveled. You can make a bombon or a classic thread tassel for the tail tassel. The main thing is that their sizes look harmonious with the entire figure.

Using this type of material has its advantages. Often at home there are thread trimmings or leftover yarn that can be used in work. By using thin material, the child develops fine motor skills and imagination.

Bullfinches made of threads

Thread applique is not just a children's craft. It provides the widest scope for creativity. Experienced craftswomen unconventional types of appliqué are turned into real masterpieces. Working with threads is very painstaking and requires great precision and perseverance. When starting to master this direction, it is worth practicing making small plots, mastering the creation of individual elements, experimenting with the shape of objects and the quality of the thread. Then you just need to start implementing the big plot.

To make bullfinches you will need:

• green melange threads for grass;
• threads white for background;
• blue melange threads - sky and clouds;
• brown, black, red, gray - for berries and bird bodies;
• glue;
• thick cardboard;
• pencil.

First, a sketch of the plot is made on cardboard, which will be the basis. Bullfinches arrive in winter, most often we see them against a background of snow, sitting on the branches of trees - ordinary garden or spruce. This is exactly what needs to be drawn.

It is important for yourself to decide which block will be made in which color. This way, there will be no confusion in the location of the threads.

The background elements are done first. The base is carefully painted over with PVA glue, and then the threads are glued. The first strand can be laid in any order, but all subsequent strands will definitely follow the contour. It is more convenient to start from the bottom, first bypassing all the difficult places, and then completing a large field. After the sky and branches are ready, they begin to make the bodies of the birds. It is necessary to work carefully; the beak and paws require special precision in laying the threads. The last to be done are the berries. To make them look like real rowan, the red threads are twisted in a spiral. This makes the berry more textured and voluminous.

If desired, the base can be fabric. In this case, the threads are laid out on the base or glued as described above. Then manually or sewing machine Several stitches are made, which additionally secure the threads. This applique can be beautifully decorated with a pillow or bedspread; it can also be used as an element of clothing decoration.

This thread painting will decorate any interior and will attract the admiring glances of guests.

Entertaining the kids

Applications for children represent an important stage in the formation of thinking. Working with simple materials, the child learns to think creatively, see the complex in the simple, fantasize and think in images.

The first children's applique made of plasticine promotes the development of sensory motor skills. By kneading a pliable piece under his fingers, the child sends signals to the brain responsible for the speech apparatus. Working with the mother, the child learns to draw analogies between the drawing and the result obtained. In addition, the bond between child and parent is strengthened.

Paper appliqué is also mastered with children aged three to four years old. It is important to arouse interest, because a child is unlikely to simply understand that a simple sheet of colored paper can turn into a zebra or a kitten.

Applications for children should not be too complicated. You should start with simple elements that do not require additional effort. For example, you can depict a house - for this, the elements are first cut out. A square is cut for the walls, a triangle for the roof. Then the child, under the guidance of an adult, can glue the blanks in the specified sequence. For children, the process by which a recognizable image is formed from unknown parts is a real miracle.

Creativity on fabric

Applique on fabric - interesting way clothing decorations. This way you can decorate both adult and children's things. Many couturiers, from classics to modern ones, deservedly pay great attention to this type of decoration.

To decorate clothes or bags like a fox, you need several pieces of fabric - 10 by 10 cm orange, 5 by 5 cm white. You also need black thread and an embroidery needle.

First, a blank is drawn on paper - the fox's head, body and tail. Then draw two triangles - for the muzzle and for the chest. The resulting designs are transferred to fabric and cut out.

The blanks are sewn to the base from the front side. You can do this with a sewing machine or sew on by hand.

To create a plot, flowers and butterflies are sewn near the chanterelle. You can cut them out of fabric and use curly buttons.

The edges of the fabrics can be processed or left free - any option has a right to exist. A fox does not have to be red - even a purple animal will look interesting.

Appliqué on fabric is a universal way to decorate things, simple and affordable. Since the work requires scraps of material, this gives a lot of scope for imagination.

Using Templates

Templates for appliques made from fabric or other materials are available in large quantities. These can be cartoon characters, flowers, elements of plants or animals, entire compositions. Templates for fabric appliqués are good and convenient because they contain all the details and elements necessary to form a holistic image.

For example, the photo above shows a horse. All details of the animal are drawn in appropriate proportions, which allows you to print the blank on paper of any size - from a small sheet of paper to A3 or larger.

Non-standard creativity

To develop your imagination, some types of applique can be improved. Conventional technologies combined with non-standard materials or approaches can give interesting results.

For example, a standard applique, in which flowers are the main motif, will sparkle with other colors if you use an unusual material.

To work you need:

• thirty pieces of cotton swabs;
• green paper;
• three pieces of yellow plasticine;
• blue or white paper for background.

First, you need to carefully trim the heads of the cotton swabs with scissors. This must be done carefully to avoid injury.

Then on green paper you need to draw the outline of dandelion leaves and stems. The cut out leaves are glued to the base.

From yellow plasticine you need to roll three approximately equal balls, which are then flattened with your thumb. Cotton swabs are carefully pressed along the edges of the plasticine with the plastic bases inward. Then the resulting blanks are carefully lifted and, using the same piece of plasticine, attached to the stems of the flowers. The resulting applique, the flowers in which are made in such an unusual way, looks very interesting. Using this technique, you can make a hedgehog by gluing sunflower seeds or buckwheat onto PVA instead of needles. Any natural material, as well as any scraps of fabric, leftovers from needlework, etc. can be used.

Paper applications

Another widely used technology is paper appliqué. The selected plot or image is made up of pieces of different sizes and shapes. The material is often classic colored paper. However, you can use more than just that - corrugated cardboard, wrapping paper, colored paper with designs, newspapers, parts of old postcards are great options.

To make a paper applique, the first step is to prepare a template. This can be a hand-drawn or printed image. Any topic can be chosen - animals, plants, ships, transport. Then you need to decide how the paper will be glued. There are two ways. The first is that the figure is assembled from large elements. To do this, the drawing is divided into large sections - head, body, paws, tail. All parts are cut out and glued onto paper.

The second way is to use small parts. In this case, the paper can be either plain or multi-colored. The main thing is that its shape is clearly visible. Small pieces of paper are glued to each other end-to-end or overlapping using PVA. It is important to follow the contours of the drawing, then the shape will be clearly visible.

Decorative applique, the types of which are very numerous, can be used in any field of needlework. Fabric appliqués can be used to decorate clothes, sew bright bedspreads and blankets, decorate panels and rugs. Using additional materials - beads, rhinestones, dried flower inflorescences and various textured things (buttons or pieces of cardboard), they create real masterpieces. Leaf paintings can be more than just children's crafts. Glued in layers one on top of the other, maple leaves combined with viburnum bunches make any classic appliqué a work of art.